Adhesive Bifidobacterium Induced Changes in Cecal Microbiome Alleviated Constipation in Mice

From BugSigDB
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI Uniform resource identifier for web resources.
Authors
Wang L, Chen C, Cui S, Lee YK, Wang G, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W
Journal
Frontiers in microbiology
Year
2019
Keywords:
Bifidobacterium, SCFAs, adhesion properties, constipation, gut microbiota
Constipation, which seriously affects living quality of people, is a common gastrointestinal disease. The engagement of the intestinal flora in the development of symptoms of constipation has been frequently hypothesized. In this study, constipated mice induced by loperamide were used to investige the alleviation of constipation by Bifidobacteria. Bifidobacteria was sorted out according to their adhesive properties into two groups. One group combined multiple strains of Bifidobacterium with adhesion property (CMB1), the other combined multiple strains of Bifidobacterium without adhesion property (CMB2). It was found that CMB1 can alleviate constipation more efficiently by improving the water, propionate and butyrate content in feces, and overall gastrointestinal transit time. Meanwhile, from the perspective of fecal microbiota, CMB1 alleviated constipation mainly by increasing the relative abundances of genera (Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Prevotella) associated with rapid bowel movement. From the perspective of cecal microbiota, CMB1 alleviated constipation mainly by increasing the relative abundances of genera Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, unclassified S24-7, Dorea, Ruminococcus, Coprococcus, and Rikenella, and decreasing the relative abundances of genera Oscillospira, Odoribacter and Unclassified F16, which are associated with methane production and colonic transit. Overall, changes of microbiota in caecum by CMB1 reflect the stage of constipation in mice more comprehensively than that in feces.

Experiment 1


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/07

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Subjects

Location of subjects
China
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
Mus musculus
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Treatment outcome measurement Treatment outcome measurement,treatment outcome measurement
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
Control (Constipation mice without treatment)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group was intragastrically administered 0.25 mL of normal saline solution containing 4 × 10^10 CFU/mL CMB1(Combined multiple strains of Bifidobacterium with adhesion property), respectively, daily for 2 weeks and loperamide (0.25 mL) intragastrically from day 15 to day 17 to induce constipation.
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
8
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
8

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
16S
16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
V4
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
log transformation
Statistical test
ANOVA
Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
0.05

Alpha Diversity

Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
increased
Richness Number of species
increased
Faith Phylogenetic diversity, takes into account phylogenetic distance of all taxa identified in a sample
increased

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin

Source: Fig. 3, 4 & 5

Description: Relative abundance (%) of fecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bifidobacterium
Lactobacillus
Prevotella
unclassified Helicobacteraceae

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/21

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 3, 4 & 5

Description: Relative abundance (%) of fecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Alistipes
Anaeroplasma
Clostridium
Coprobacillus
Odoribacter
Parabacteroides
Ruminococcus
Sporobacter
Turicibacter
unclassified Lachnospiraceae
Oscillibacter

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 2


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
Control ( Constipation mice without treatment )
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
CMB2 (Constipation mice treated with CMB2 with no adhesion properties)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group was intragastrically administered 0.25 mL of normal saline solution containing 4 × 10^10 CFU/mL CMB2(Combined multiple strains of Bifidobacterium with no adhesion property), respectively, daily for 2 weeks and loperamide (0.25 mL) intragastrically from day 15 to day 17 to induce constipation.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Richness Number of species
unchanged
Faith Phylogenetic diversity, takes into account phylogenetic distance of all taxa identified in a sample
unchanged

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 3, 4 & 5

Description: Relative abundance (%) of fecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in CMB2 (Constipation mice treated with CMB2 with no adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Anaeroplasma
Bifidobacterium
Lactobacillus
Odoribacter
Sporobacter

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/21

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 3, 4 & 5

Description: Relative abundance (%) of fecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in CMB2 (Constipation mice treated with CMB2 with no adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Clostridium
Parabacteroides
unclassified Lachnospiraceae
Coprobacillus
Oscillibacter
Ruminococcus
Sporobacter
Turicibacter
unclassified Helicobacteraceae
Alistipes

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 3


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Treatment outcome measurement , Constipation Treatment outcome measurement,treatment outcome measurement,Constipation,Costiveness,Dyschezia,constipation
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
Normal (Healthy mice)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group was intragastrically administered 0.25 mL of normal saline solution containing 4 × 10^10 CFU/mL CMB1(Combined multiple strains of Bifidobacterium with adhesion property), respectively, daily for 2 weeks and loperamide (0.25 mL) intragastrically from day 15 to day 17 to induce constipation.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
decreased
Richness Number of species
decreased
Faith Phylogenetic diversity, takes into account phylogenetic distance of all taxa identified in a sample
decreased

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin

Source: Fig. 3, 4 & 5

Description: Relative abundance (%) of fecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bifidobacterium
Lactobacillus
unclassified Helicobacteraceae

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/21

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 3, 4 & 5

Description: Relative abundance (%) of fecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Alistipes
Anaeroplasma
Clostridium
Odoribacter
Oscillibacter
Ruminococcus
Sporobacter
Turicibacter
unclassified Lachnospiraceae

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 4


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
CMB2 (Constipation mice treated with CMB2 with no adhesion properties)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group was intragastrically administered 0.25 mL of normal saline solution containing 4 × 10^10 CFU/mL CMB2(Combined multiple strains of Bifidobacterium with no adhesion property), respectively, daily for 2 weeks and loperamide (0.25 mL) intragastrically from day 15 to day 17 to induce constipation.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
decreased
Richness Number of species
decreased
Faith Phylogenetic diversity, takes into account phylogenetic distance of all taxa identified in a sample
decreased

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 3, 4 & 5

Description: Relative abundance (%) of fecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in CMB2 (Constipation mice treated with CMB2 with no adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Anaeroplasma
Bifidobacterium
Odoribacter
unclassified Helicobacteraceae
Alistipes

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/21

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 3, 4 & 5

Description: Relative abundance (%) of fecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in CMB2 (Constipation mice treated with CMB2 with no adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Prevotella
unclassified Lachnospiraceae
Lactobacillus
Turicibacter
Oscillibacter
Ruminococcus
Sporobacter

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 5


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Treatment outcome measurement Treatment outcome measurement,treatment outcome measurement
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
CMB2 (Constipation mice treated with CMB2 with no adhesion properties)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group was intragastrically administered 0.25 mL of normal saline solution containing 4 × 10^10 CFU/mL CMB1(Combined multiple strains of Bifidobacterium with adhesion property), respectively, daily for 2 weeks and loperamide (0.25 mL) intragastrically from day 15 to day 17 to induce constipation.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
increased
Richness Number of species
increased
Faith Phylogenetic diversity, takes into account phylogenetic distance of all taxa identified in a sample
increased

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin

Source: Fig. 3, 4 & 5

Description: Relative abundance (%) of fecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bifidobacterium
Prevotella
Lactobacillus
unclassified Helicobacteraceae

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/21

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 3, 4 & 5

Description: Relative abundance (%) of fecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Alistipes
Anaeroplasma
Clostridium
Odoribacter
Sporobacter

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 6


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Constipation Constipation,Costiveness,Dyschezia,constipation
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
Normal (Healthy mice)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
Control (Constipation mice without treatment)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group were given 0.25 mL normal saline (NS) using intragastric administration once a day for 17 days and loperamide (0.25 mL) intragastrically from day 15 to day 17 to induce constipation.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
decreased
Richness Number of species
decreased
Faith Phylogenetic diversity, takes into account phylogenetic distance of all taxa identified in a sample
decreased

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 3, 4 & 5

Description: Relative abundance (%) of fecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Control (Constipation mice without treatment)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Alistipes
Anaeroplasma
Clostridium
Coprobacillus
Parabacteroides
Sporobacter
Turicibacter
unclassified Helicobacteraceae

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/21

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 3, 4 & 5

Description: Relative abundance (%) of fecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Control (Constipation mice without treatment)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Prevotella
Lactobacillus

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 7


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Caecum Blind intestine,Blindgut,Caeca,Caecum,Ceca,Cecum,Intestinum caecum,Intestinum crassum caecum,Intestinum crassum cecum,caecum
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Treatment outcome measurement Treatment outcome measurement,treatment outcome measurement
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
Control (Constipation mice without treatment)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
The CMB1 group was intragastrically administered 0.25 mL of normal saline solution containing 4 × 10^10 CFU/mL CMB1(Combined multiple strains of Bifidobacterium with adhesion property), respectively, daily for 2 weeks and loperamide (0.25 mL) intragastrically from day 15 to day 17 to induce constipation.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
increased
Richness Number of species
increased
Faith Phylogenetic diversity, takes into account phylogenetic distance of all taxa identified in a sample
increased

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 6, 7 & 8

Description: Relative abundance (%) of caecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bacteroides
Bifidobacterium
Clostridium
Coprococcus
Dehalobacterium
Dorea
Lactobacillus
Ruminococcus
unclassified Muribaculaceae

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/21

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 6, 7 & 8

Description: Relative abundance (%) of caecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Anaeroplasma
Parabacteroides
unclassified F-16unclassified F-16

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 8


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
CMB2 (Constipation mice treated with CMB2 with no adhesion properties)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group was intragastrically administered 0.25 mL of normal saline solution containing 4 × 10^10 CFU/mL CMB2(Combined multiple strains of Bifidobacterium with no adhesion property), respectively, daily for 2 weeks and loperamide (0.25 mL) intragastrically from day 15 to day 17 to induce constipation.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Richness Number of species
unchanged
Faith Phylogenetic diversity, takes into account phylogenetic distance of all taxa identified in a sample
increased

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 6, 7 & 8

Description: Relative abundance (%) of caecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in CMB2 (Constipation mice treated with CMB2 with no adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Akkermansia
Bacteroides
Bifidobacterium
Clostridium
Lactobacillus
Oscillospira
Odoribacter
Mucispirillum

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/21

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 6, 7 & 8

Description: Relative abundance (%) of caecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in CMB2 (Constipation mice treated with CMB2 with no adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Dehalobacterium
Desulfovibrio
Dorea
Rikenella
unclassified Helicobacteraceae
Parabacteroides
Anaeroplasma

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 9


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Constipation , Treatment outcome measurement Constipation,Costiveness,Dyschezia,constipation,Treatment outcome measurement,treatment outcome measurement
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
Normal (Healthy mice)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group was intragastrically administered 0.25 mL of normal saline solution containing 4 × 10^10 CFU/mL CMB1(Combined multiple strains of Bifidobacterium with adhesion property), respectively, daily for 2 weeks and loperamide (0.25 mL) intragastrically from day 15 to day 17 to induce constipation.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Richness Number of species
unchanged
Faith Phylogenetic diversity, takes into account phylogenetic distance of all taxa identified in a sample
increased

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 6, 7 & 8

Description: Relative abundance (%) of caecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Anaeroplasma
Bacteroides
Bifidobacterium
Coprococcus
Dehalobacterium
Desulfovibrio
Lactobacillus
unclassified Muribaculaceae

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/21

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 6, 7 & 8

Description: Relative abundance (%) of caecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Oscillospira
Rikenella
Odoribacter
Mucispirillum
unclassified Helicobacteraceae
Akkermansia
unclassified Lachnospiraceae

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 10


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
CMB2 (Constipation mice treated with CMB2 with no adhesion properties)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group was intragastrically administered 0.25 mL of normal saline solution containing 4 × 10^10 CFU/mL CMB2(Combined multiple strains of Bifidobacterium with no adhesion property), respectively, daily for 2 weeks and loperamide (0.25 mL) intragastrically from day 15 to day 17 to induce constipation.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
decreased
Richness Number of species
decreased
Faith Phylogenetic diversity, takes into account phylogenetic distance of all taxa identified in a sample
unchanged

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/12

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 6, 7 & 8

Description: Relative abundance (%) of caecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in CMB2 (Constipation mice treated with CMB2 with no adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Anaeroplasma
Bifidobacterium
Lactobacillus
unclassified F-16unclassified F-16
unclassified Muribaculaceae

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/21

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 6, 7 & 8

Description: Relative abundance (%) of caecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in CMB2 (Constipation mice treated with CMB2 with no adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Desulfovibrio
Dorea
Rikenella
unclassified Helicobacteraceae
unclassified Lachnospiraceae
Clostridium

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 11


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Treatment outcome measurement Treatment outcome measurement,treatment outcome measurement
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
CMB2 (Constipation mice treated with CMB2 with no adhesion properties)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group was intragastrically administered 0.25 mL of normal saline solution containing 4 × 10^10 CFU/mL CMB1(Combined multiple strains of Bifidobacterium with adhesion property), respectively, daily for 2 weeks and loperamide (0.25 mL) intragastrically from day 15 to day 17 to induce constipation.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Richness Number of species
increased
Faith Phylogenetic diversity, takes into account phylogenetic distance of all taxa identified in a sample
increased

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/12

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 6, 7 & 8

Description: Relative abundance (%) of caecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bacteroides
Coprococcus
Dehalobacterium
Desulfovibrio
Dorea
Rikenella
Ruminococcus
unclassified Helicobacteraceae
unclassified Muribaculaceae

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/21

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 6, 7 & 8

Description: Relative abundance (%) of caecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Akkermansia
Bifidobacterium
Mucispirillum
Odoribacter
Oscillospira
unclassified F-16unclassified F-16

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 12


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Constipation Constipation,Costiveness,Dyschezia,constipation
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
Normal (Healthy mice)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
Control (Constipation mice without treatment)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group were given 0.25 mL normal saline (NS) using intragastric administration once a day for 17 days and loperamide (0.25 mL) intragastrically from day 15 to day 17 to induce constipation.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
decreased
Richness Number of species
decreased
Faith Phylogenetic diversity, takes into account phylogenetic distance of all taxa identified in a sample
decreased

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/12

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 6, 7 & 8

Description: Relative abundance (%) of caecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Control (Constipation mice without treatment)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Adlercreutzia
Anaeroplasma
Dehalobacterium
Parabacteroides
unclassified Muribaculaceae
unclassified F-16unclassified F-16

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/21

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Fig. 6, 7 & 8

Description: Relative abundance (%) of caecal microbial taxa at the genus level in constipated mice fed CMB.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Control (Constipation mice without treatment)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Dorea
Ruminococcus
Rikenella
Odoribacter
Mucispirillum
Clostridium
Oscillospira
Akkermansia
unclassified Lachnospiraceae

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 13


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Feces , Caecum Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces,Blind intestine,Blindgut,Caeca,Caecum,Ceca,Cecum,Intestinum caecum,Intestinum crassum caecum,Intestinum crassum cecum,caecum
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Sampling site Sampling site,sampling site
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
Normal (Healthy mice) (fecal sample)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
C-Normal (Healthy mice) (cecal sample)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
These are healthy mice that were given 0.25 mL normal saline (NS) using intragastric administration once a day for 17 days.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/12

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin

Source: Figure 9,10,11

Description: The genus-level comparison of fecal samples and caecum content samples.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in C-Normal (Healthy mice) (cecal sample)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Akkermansia
Clostridium
Mucispirillum
Oscillospira
Rikenella
Ruminococcus
unclassified Helicobacteraceae
unclassified Lachnospiraceae
Dorea

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/23

Curator: Mautin

Revision editor(s): Mautin

Source: Figure 9,10,11

Description: The genus-level comparison of fecal samples and caecum content samples

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in C-Normal (Healthy mice) (cecal sample)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Lactobacillus
Odoribacter

Revision editor(s): Mautin

Experiment 14


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
Control (Constipation mice without treatment) (fecal sample)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
C-Control (Constipation mice without treatment) (cecal sample)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group were given 0.25 mL normal saline (NS) using intragastric administration once a day for 17 days and loperamide (0.25 mL) intragastrically from day 15 to day 17 to induce constipation.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/12

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin

Source: Figure 9,10,11

Description: The genus-level comparison of fecal samples and caecum content samples.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in C-Control (Constipation mice without treatment) (cecal sample)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Anaeroplasma
Dorea
unclassified Helicobacteraceae
Mucispirillum
Oscillospira
Parabacteroides
Rikenella
Ruminococcus
Akkermansia

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/23

Curator: Mautin

Revision editor(s): Mautin

Source: Figure 9,10,11

Description: The genus-level comparison of fecal samples and caecum content samples

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in C-Control (Constipation mice without treatment) (cecal sample)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Lactobacillus
Odoribacter

Revision editor(s): Mautin

Experiment 15


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties) (fecal sample)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
C-CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties) (cecal sample)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group was intragastrically administered 0.25 mL of normal saline solution containing 4 × 10^10 CFU/mL CMB1(Combined multiple strains of Bifidobacterium with adhesion property), respectively, daily for 2 weeks and loperamide (0.25 mL) intragastrically from day 15 to day 17 to induce constipation.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/12

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin

Source: Figure 9,10,11

Description: The genus-level comparison of fecal samples and caecum content samples.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in C-CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties) (cecal sample)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Akkermansia
Anaeroplasma
Bacteroides
Clostridium
Mucispirillum
Oscillospira
Parabacteroides
Rikenella
Ruminococcus
unclassified Helicobacteraceae
unclassified Lachnospiraceae
Dorea

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/23

Curator: Mautin

Revision editor(s): Mautin

Source: Figure 9,10,11

Description: The genus-level comparison of fecal samples and caecum content samples.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in C-CMB1 (Constipation mice treated with CMB1 with adhesion properties) (cecal sample)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bifidobacterium
Lactobacillus
Odoribacter

Revision editor(s): Mautin

Experiment 16


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
CMB2 (Constipation mice treated with CMB2 with no adhesion properties) (fecal sample)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
C-CMB2 (Constipation mice treated with CMB2 with no adhesion properties) (cecal sample)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group was intragastrically administered 0.25 mL of normal saline solution containing 4 × 10^10 CFU/mL CMB2(Combined multiple strains of Bifidobacterium with no adhesion property), respectively, daily for 2 weeks and loperamide (0.25 mL) intragastrically from day 15 to day 17 to induce constipation.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/12

Curator: Joiejoie

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin

Source: Figure 9,10,11

Description: The genus-level comparison of fecal samples and caecum content samples.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in C-CMB2 (Constipation mice treated with CMB2 with no adhesion properties) (cecal sample)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Akkermansia
Anaeroplasma
Clostridium
Dorea
Mucispirillum
Oscillospira
Parabacteroides
Rikenella
Ruminococcus
unclassified Lachnospiraceae
unclassified Helicobacteraceae

Revision editor(s): Joiejoie, Mautin

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-8

Curated date: 2025/04/23

Curator: Mautin

Revision editor(s): Mautin

Source: Figure 9,10,11

Description: The genus-level comparison of fecal samples and caecum content samples.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in C-CMB2 (Constipation mice treated with CMB2 with no adhesion properties) (cecal sample)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bifidobacterium
Lactobacillus
Odoribacter

Revision editor(s): Mautin