Dietary Supplementation With Leucine or in Combination With Arginine Decreases Body Fat Weight and Alters Gut Microbiota Composition in Finishing Pigs
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Study information
-
Quality control
- Retracted paper
- Contamination issues suspected
- Batch effect issues suspected
- Uncontrolled confounding suspected
- Results are suspect (various reasons)
- Tags applied
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI Uniform resource identifier for web resources.
Authors
Hu C, Li F, Duan Y, Yin Y, Kong X
Journal
Frontiers in microbiology
Year
2019
Keywords:
arginine, colon, dietary supplementation, glutamic acid, leucine, microbiota, short-chain fatty acid
Obesity was associated with change in gut microbiota composition and their metabolites. We investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with leucine (Leu) in combination with arginine (Arg) or glutamic acid (Glu) on body fat weight, composition of gut microbiota, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentration in the colon. Forty-eight Duroc × Large White × Landrace pigs with an initial body weight of 77.08 ± 1.29 kg were randomly assigned to one of the four groups (12 pigs per group). The pigs in the control group were fed a basal diet supplemented with 2.05% alanine (isonitrogenous control, BD group), and those in the three experimental groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with 1.00% Leu + 1.37% alanine (Leu group), 1.00% Leu + 1.00% Arg (Leu_Arg group), or 1.00% Leu + 1.00% Glu (Leu_Glu group). We found that dietary supplementation with Leu alone or in combination with Arg decreased (p < 0.05) body fat weight, and increased (p < 0.05) colonic propionate and butyrate concentrations compared to the BD group. The mRNA expression levels of genes related to lipolysis increased (p < 0.05) in the Leu or Leu_Arg group compared to the BD group. Negative relationships (p < 0.05) were observed between body fat weight, colonic propionate, and butyrate concentrations. Compared to the BD group, the abundance of Actinobacteria was higher (p < 0.05) in the Leu group, and that of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Terrisporobacter, and Escherichia-Shigella were higher in the Leu_Arg group. The abundance of Deinococcus-Thermus was negatively correlated (p < 0.05) with body fat weight, and was positively correlated (p < 0.05) with butyrate, isovalerate, propionate, and isobutyrate concentrations, and that of Cyanobacteria was positively correlated (p < 0.05) with butyrate, propionate, and isobutyrate concentrations. In conclusion, these findings suggest that decreased body fat weight in pigs can be induced by Leu supplementation alone or in combination with Arg and is associated with increased colonic butyrate and propionate concentrations. This provides new insights for potential therapy for obesity.
Experiment 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-6-6
Subjects
- Location of subjects
- China
- Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
- Sus scrofa domesticus
- Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
- Colon Hindgut,Large bowel,Posterior intestine,Colon,colon
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Diet measurement Diet measurement,diet measurement
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Combination of Leu_Glu (1.00% Leucine + 1.00% Glutamic acid), Leu_Arg ( 1.00% Leucine + 1.00% Arginine) and BD (basal diet)
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Leu (Leucine) group
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Pigs fed a basal diet supplemented with 1.00% Leucine + 1.37% alanine (Leu group)
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 36
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 12
Lab analysis
- Sequencing type
- 16S
- 16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
- V3-V4
- Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
- Illumina
Statistical Analysis
- Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
- relative abundances
- Statistical test
- Kruskall-Wallis
- Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
- 0.05
- MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
- No
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-6-6
Source: Figure 8A and 8B
Description: Taxonomic differences of colonic microbiota among the four groups. Comparison of relative abundance at the phylum (A) and genus (B) levels between the four groups.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Leu (Leucine) group
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Actinomycetota | ||
| Collinsella | ||
| Coriobacteriaceae | ||
| Slackia |
Revision editor(s): Tosin
Experiment 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-6-6
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Combination of Leu (Leucine), Leu_Glu (1.00% Leucine + 1.00% Glutamic acid) and Leu_Arg (1.00% Leucine + 1.00% Arginine)
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- BD (Basal diet)
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- The pigs in the control group were fed a basal diet supplemented with 2.05% alanine (isonitrogenous control, BD group)
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-6-6
Source: Figure 8B
Description: Taxonomic differences of colonic microbiota among the four groups. Comparison of relative abundance at the genus (B) level between the four groups.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in BD (Basal diet)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Anaerosporobacter | ||
| Flavobacterium | ||
| Ruminiclostridium_6Ruminiclostridium_6 | ||
| Clostridiales vadinBB60 groupClostridiales vadinBB60 group |
Revision editor(s): Tosin
Experiment 3
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-6-6
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
- Statistical test
- LEfSe
- LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool
- 2
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-6-6
Source: Figure 8C
Description: Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) scores for the enriched microbiota among the four groups
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in BD (Basal diet)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Flavobacterium | ||
| Ruminiclostridium_6Ruminiclostridium_6 | ||
| Clostridiales vadinBB60 groupClostridiales vadinBB60 group | ||
| Anaerosporobacter |
Revision editor(s): Tosin
Experiment 4
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-6-6
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Combination of Leu_Glu (1.00% Leucine + 1.00% Glutamic acid), Leu_Arg ( 1.00% Leucine + 1.00% Arginine) and BD (basal diet)
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Leu (Leucine) group
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Pigs fed a basal diet supplemented with 1.00% Leucine + 1.37% alanine (Leu group)
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-6-6
Source: Figure 8C
Description: Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) scores for the enriched microbiota among the four groups
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Leu (Leucine) group
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Actinomycetota | ||
| Acidimicrobiia | ||
| Coriobacteriales | ||
| Coriobacteriaceae | ||
| Collinsella | ||
| Slackia |
Revision editor(s): Tosin
Experiment 5
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-6-6
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Combination of Leu (Leucine), Leu_Arg ( 1.00% Leucine + 1.00% Arginine) and BD (basal diet) groups
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Leu_ Glu (1.00% Leucine + 1.00% Glutamic acid) group
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Pigs fed a basal diet supplemented with 1.00% Leucine + 1.00% glutamic acid (Leu_Glu group)
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-6-6
Source: Figure 8C
Description: Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) scores for the enriched microbiota among four groups
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Leu_ Glu (1.00% Leucine + 1.00% Glutamic acid) group
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Catenisphaera | ||
| Moraxellaceae | ||
| Oscillospira | ||
| Pseudomonadales | ||
| Selenomonas | ||
| Ruminococcaceae UCG-008Ruminococcaceae UCG-008 |
Revision editor(s): Tosin
Experiment 6
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-6-6
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
- Statistical test
- Kruskall-Wallis
- LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool
- Not specified
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-6-6
Source: Figure 8B
Description: Taxonomic differences of colonic microbiota among the four groups. Comparison of relative abundance at the genus (B) level between the four groups.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Leu_ Glu (1.00% Leucine + 1.00% Glutamic acid) group
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Catenisphaera | ||
| Oscillospira | ||
| Selenomonas | ||
| Ruminococcaceae UCG-008Ruminococcaceae UCG-008 |
Revision editor(s): Tosin
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