Characteristics of the Intestinal Microorganisms in Middle-Aged and Elderly Patients: Effects of Smoking
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Study information
-
Quality control
- Retracted paper
- Contamination issues suspected
- Batch effect issues suspected
- Uncontrolled confounding suspected
- Results are suspect (various reasons)
- Tags applied
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI
Authors
Yang HT, Xiu WJ, Liu JK, Yang Y, Zhang YJ, Zheng YY, Wu TT, Hou XG, Wu CX, Ma YT, Xie X
Journal
ACS omega
Year
2022
Introduction: Smoking affects the occurrence and development of many diseases. We attempt to study the structure of intestinal flora in the middle-aged and elderly population as well as how smoking affects the intestinal flora. Methods: We collected population information, biochemical indicators, and patient feces from 188 middle-aged and elderly male patients, and their feces were tested for the 16S rRNA gene of intestinal flora. Results: We performed a cluster analysis on the intestinal structure of the included population and found that there was a significant difference in the number of smokers between each group (p = 0.011). Subsequently, the microbiological diversity analysis of current smokers and nonsmokers was carried out. The results indicated that there was a significant difference in species composition between the two groups (p = 0.029). Through the analysis on LEfSe differential bacteria, it was found that in current smoking patients, the abundances of the genus Bifidobacterium and the genus Coprobacillus were less, while the abundances of the genera Shigella, Paraprevotella, Burkholderia, Sutterella, Megamonas, and p-75-a5 under the family level of Erysipelotrichaceae were slightly high. We analyzed the correlation between the abundances of these eight different bacteria and clinical indicators. The results revealed the following: the abundance of the genus Bifidobacterium was negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose (r = -0.198, p = 0.006) and positively correlated with uric acid (r = 0.207, p = 0.004) and total bilirubin (r = 0.175, p = 0.017); Shigella bacteria were positively correlated with fasting blood glucose (r = 0.160, p = 0.028) and uric acid (r = 0.153, p = 0.036) levels; the genus Paraprevotella and BMI (r = -0.172, p = 0.018) are negatively correlated; the abundance of the genus Burkholderia was positively correlated with γ-glutamyltransferase (r = 0.146, p = 0.045) levels; Sutterella was correlated with fasting blood glucose (r = 0.143, p = 0.05) and creatinine level (r = -0.16, p = 0.027), which was positively correlated with fasting blood glucose and negatively correlated with creatinine. Conclusions: In middle-aged and elderly patients with cardiovascular disease, smoking can reduce the abundance of Bifidobacterium, while the abundances of some negative bacteria such as Burkholderia, Sutterella, and Megamonas increase.
Experiment 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2025-4-7
Subjects
- Location of subjects
- China
- Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
- Homo sapiens
- Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
- Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Smoking status measurement Smoking status measurement,smoking status measurement
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Non- smokers
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Current Smokers
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Patients who smoke
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 114
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 74
- Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)
- 3 months
Lab analysis
- Sequencing type
- 16S
- 16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
- V3-V4
- Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
- Illumina
Statistical Analysis
- Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
- relative abundances
- Statistical test
- LEfSe
- Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
- 0.05
- LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool
- 4
Alpha Diversity
- Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
- unchanged
- Richness Number of species
- unchanged
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2025-4-7
Source: Figure 6B
Description: Comparison of intestinal microbiota composition between smokers and non-smokers.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Current Smokers
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Paraprevotella | ||
| Megamonas | ||
| Sutterella | ||
| Alcaligenaceae | ||
| Burkholderia | ||
| Burkholderiaceae | ||
| Shigella | ||
| P_75_a5P_75_a5 | ||
| ParaprevotellaceaeParaprevotellaceae |
Signature 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2025-4-7
Source: Figure 6B
Description: Comparison of intestinal microbiota composition between smokers and non-smokers.
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Current Smokers
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Bifidobacteriaceae | ||
| Bifidobacteriales | ||
| Bifidobacterium | ||
| Coprobacillus | ||
| Microbacteriaceae | ||
| Campylobacterales |
Experiment 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2025-4-7
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Fasting blood glucose measurement fasting blood glucose level,fasting glucose-related traits,fasting plasma glucose,Fasting blood glucose measurement,fasting blood glucose measurement
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Low FBG (Low Fasting blood glucose)
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- High FBG (High Fasting blood glucose)
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- This group includes patients with elevated FBG levels, prediabetes ( 100 to 125 mg/dL ) and diabetes (5.6 to 6.9 mmol/L)
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- Not specified
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- Not specified
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
- Statistical test
- Spearman Correlation
- LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool
- Not specified
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2025-4-7
Source: Figure 7
Description: Differential abundant bacteria in the high FBG( High Fasting blood glucose)
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in High FBG (High Fasting blood glucose)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Shigella | ||
| Sutterella |
Experiment 3
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2025-4-7
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Creatinine 1-Methylglycocyamidine,1-methylglycocyamidine,2-imino-1-methylimidazolidin-4-one,C4H7N3O,creatinina,Creatinine,Kreatinin,creatinine
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Low Cr(Creatinine)
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- High Cr(Creatinine)
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- This group includes patients with Creatinine levels > 1.4 mg/dL
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2025-4-7
Source: Fig. 7
Description: The representative differential bacteria for the clinical indicator Creatinine
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in High Cr(Creatinine)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Sutterella |
Revision editor(s): Joiejoie
Experiment 4
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2025-4-7
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Body mass index BMI,Quetelet's Index,Body mass index,body mass index
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Low BMI(Body Mass Index)
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- High- BMI(Body Mass Index)
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- This group includes Individuals who presented with a high Body Mass Index threshold.
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2025-4-7
Source: Fig. 7
Description: The representative differential bacteria for the clinical indicator body mass indicator (BMI)
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in High- BMI(Body Mass Index)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Paraprevotella |
Revision editor(s): Joiejoie
Experiment 5
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2025-4-7
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase deficiency gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase deficiency,gamma-glutamyltransferase deficiency,gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase deficiency,GGT deficiency,GGT1 deficiency,Glutathionuria,glutathionuria,GTG deficiency,inborn error of glutathione hydrolase activity,inborn glutathione hydrolase activity disorder,rare inborn error of glutathione hydrolase activity,Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase deficiency
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Low GGT(Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase)
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- High- GGT(Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase)
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Individuals who presented with a high Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2025-4-7
Source: Figure 7
Description: Differential abundance of bacteria between Low and High GGT(Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase) patients
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in High- GGT(Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Burkholderia |
Revision editor(s): Montana-D
Experiment 6
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2025-4-7
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Uric acid 2,6,8-trihydroxypurine,C5H4N4O3,Harnsaeure,lithic acid,uric acids,Uric acid,uric acid
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Low UA(Uric Acid)
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- High- UA(Uric Acid)
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Individuals who presented with a high levels of Uric Acid
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2025-4-7
Source: Figure 7
Description: Differential abundance of bacteria between Low and High UA(Uric Acid) patients
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in High- UA(Uric Acid)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Bifidobacterium | ||
| Shigella |
Revision editor(s): Montana-D
Experiment 7
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2025-4-7
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Bilirubin 1,10,19,22,23,24-hexahydro-2,7,13,17-tetramethyl-1,19-dioxo-3,18-divinylbiline-8,12-dipropionic acid,2,17-diethenyl-1,10,19,22,23,24-hexahydro-3,7,13,18-tetramethyl-1,19-dioxo-21H-biline-8,12-dipropanoic acid,2,7,13,17-tetramethyl-1,19-dioxo-3,18-divinyl-1,10,19,22,23,24-hexahydro-21H-biline-8,12-dipropanoic acid,8,12-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-2,7,13,17-tetramethyl-3,18-divinylbiladiene-ac-1,19(21H,24H)-dione,Bilirubin,bilirubin IXalpha,C33H36N4O6,bilirubin
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Low TBIL(Total Bilirubin)
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- High- TBIL(Total Bilirubin)
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Individuals who presented with a high levels of Total Bilirubin
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
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