Comparative analysis of the lung microbiota in patients with respiratory infections, tuberculosis, and lung cancer: A preliminary study

From BugSigDB
Needs review
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI Uniform resource identifier for web resources.
Authors
Xia X, Chen J, Cheng Y, Chen F, Lu H, Liu J, Wang L, Pu F, Wang Y, Liu H, Cao D, Zhang Z, Xia Z, Fan M, Ling Z, Zhao L
Journal
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Year
2022
Keywords:
community-acquired pneumonia, inflammation, lung cancer, lung microbiota, pulmonary tuberculosis
Recent evidence suggests that lung microbiota can be recognized as one of the ecological determinants of various respiratory diseases. However, alterations in the lung microbiota and associated lung immunity in these respiratory diseases remain unclear. To compare the lung microbiota and lung immune profiles in common respiratory diseases, a total of 78 patients were enrolled in the present study, including 21 patients with primary pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), eight patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer (LC), and 49 patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected for microbiota and cytokine analyses. With MiSeq sequencing system, increased bacterial alpha-diversity and richness were observed in patients with LC than in those with PTB and CAP. Linear discriminant analysis effect size revealed that CAP-associated pulmonary microbiota were significantly different between the PTB and LC groups. More key functionally different genera were found in the PTB and LC groups than in the CAP group. The interaction network revealed stronger positive and negative correlations among these genera in the LC group than in the other two groups. However, increased BALF cytokine profiles were observed in the PTB group than in the other two groups, while BALF cytokines were correlated with key functional bacteria. This comparative study provides evidence for the associations among altered lung microbiota, BALF inflammation, and different respiratory disorders, which provides insight into the possible roles and mechanisms of pulmonary microbiota in the progression of respiratory disorders.

Experiment 1


Needs review

Curated date: 2025/07/08

Curator: Nuerteye

Revision editor(s): Nuerteye

Subjects

Location of subjects
China
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
Homo sapiens
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Lung Pulmo,Lung,lung
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Pulmonary tuberculosis , Lung cancer lung TB,lung tuberculosis,pulmonary TB,pulmonary tuberculosis,Tuberculosis, Pulmonary,Pulmonary tuberculosis,alveolar cell carcinoma,cancer of lung,lung cancer,lung cancer, protection against,lung neoplasm,malignant lung neoplasm,malignant lung tumor,malignant neoplasm of lung,malignant neoplasm of the lung,malignant tumor of lung,malignant tumor of the lung,Nonsmall cell lung cancer,Lung cancer
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
Lung cancer
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
Tuberculosis patients (PTB)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
8
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
21
Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)
No antibiotics in the previous 1 month

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
16S
16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
V3-V4
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
relative abundances
Statistical test
LEfSe
Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
0.05
LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool
2

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
decreased
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
decreased
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
unchanged

Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2025/07/08

Curator: Nuerteye

Revision editor(s): Nuerteye

Source: Figure 3

Description: Taxonomic differences of the lung microbiota among patients with primary pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), newly diagnosed lung cancer (LC), and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). LEfSe identified the most differentially abundant taxa between the two groups

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Tuberculosis patients (PTB)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Selenomonas
Mycobacteriaceae
Mycobacterium

Revision editor(s): Nuerteye

Signature 2

Needs review

Curated date: 2025/07/08

Curator: Nuerteye

Revision editor(s): Nuerteye

Source: Figure 3

Description: Taxonomic differences of the lung microbiota among patients with primary pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), newly diagnosed lung cancer (LC), and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). LEfSe identified the most differentially abundant taxa between the two groups

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Tuberculosis patients (PTB)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
MarseillaMarseilla
Sphingobium

Revision editor(s): Nuerteye

Experiment 2


Needs review

Curated date: 2025/07/08

Curator: Nuerteye

Revision editor(s): Nuerteye

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Pulmonary tuberculosis , Pneumonia lung TB,lung tuberculosis,pulmonary TB,pulmonary tuberculosis,Tuberculosis, Pulmonary,Pulmonary tuberculosis,acute pneumonia,chest infection due to pneumonia,pneumonia,Pneumonia (disorder),Pneumonia (disorder) [Ambiguous],Pneumonia due to other specified organism,Pneumonia due to other specified organisms,Pneumonia due to other specified organisms (disorder),Pneumonia NOS,Pneumonia NOS (disorder),pneumonia with infectious disease,Pneumonitis,Pneumonitis (disorder),Pneumonia
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
Pulmonary tuberculosis
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
49
Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)
antibiotics in the previous 1 month

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
increased
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
increased
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
unchanged

Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2025/07/09

Curator: Nuerteye

Revision editor(s): Nuerteye

Source: Figure 3

Description: Taxonomic differences of the lung microbiota among patients with primary pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), newly diagnosed lung cancer (LC), and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). LEfSe identified the most differentially abundant taxa between the two groups.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Pulmonary tuberculosis

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Flavobacteriales
NeissseriaceaeNeissseriaceae
Pasteurellaceae
Romboutsia
Sphingomonas
Comamonadaceae
Ligilactobacillus
Kingella
Lactobacillus
Eikenella
Micrococcus
Mediterraneibacter
Selenomonas
Collinsella
Coriobacteriaceae
Fusicatenibacter
Propionibacteriales
Limosilactobacillus
Nocardioidaceae
Dietzia
Dietziaceae
Roseomonas
Chryseobacterium
Weeksellaceae
Intrasporangiaceae
LactobacillaceaeLactobacillaceae
Peptococcus
Peptococcaceae
Janibacter
Eggerthellaceae
Eggerthellales
Enhydrobacter
Campylobacter
Campylobacteraceae
CampilobacterotaCampilobacterota
CampylobacteriaCampylobacteria
Campylobacterales
Capnocytophaga
Flavobacteriia
Moraxellaceae
Pseudomonadales
Leptotrichia
Mycobacteriaceae
Mycobacterium
Fusobacteriia
Fusobacteriales
Betaproteobacteria
Neisseriales
Mycobacteriales

Revision editor(s): Nuerteye

Signature 2

Needs review

Curated date: 2025/07/09

Curator: Nuerteye

Revision editor(s): Nuerteye

Source: Figure 3

Description: Taxonomic differences of the lung microbiota among patients with primary pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), newly diagnosed lung cancer (LC), and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). LEfSe identified the most differentially abundant taxa between the two groups.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Pulmonary tuberculosis

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Parvimonas
Peptoniphilaceae
Deinococcus_ThermusDeinococcus_Thermus
Deinococcaceae
Deinococcales
Deinococcus
Deinococci
Mediterranea
Selenomonadaceae

Revision editor(s): Nuerteye

Experiment 3


Needs review

Curated date: 2025/07/09

Curator: Nuerteye

Revision editor(s): Nuerteye

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Lung cancer , Pneumonia alveolar cell carcinoma,cancer of lung,lung cancer,lung cancer, protection against,lung neoplasm,malignant lung neoplasm,malignant lung tumor,malignant neoplasm of lung,malignant neoplasm of the lung,malignant tumor of lung,malignant tumor of the lung,Nonsmall cell lung cancer,Lung cancer,acute pneumonia,chest infection due to pneumonia,pneumonia,Pneumonia (disorder),Pneumonia (disorder) [Ambiguous],Pneumonia due to other specified organism,Pneumonia due to other specified organisms,Pneumonia due to other specified organisms (disorder),Pneumonia NOS,Pneumonia NOS (disorder),pneumonia with infectious disease,Pneumonitis,Pneumonitis (disorder),Pneumonia
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
Lung cancer
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer.
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
8
Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)
No antibiotics, antitumor drugs in the previous 1 month.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
increased
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
increased

Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2025/07/09

Curator: Nuerteye

Revision editor(s): Nuerteye

Source: Figure 3

Description: Taxonomic differences of the lung microbiota among patients with primary pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), newly diagnosed lung cancer (LC), and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). LEfSe identified the most differentially abundant taxa between the two groups.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Lung cancer

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Acidaminococcaceae
Acidaminococcales
Actinomyces
Aeromonadales
Alistipes
Anaerobiospirillum
Atopobiaceae
Betaproteobacteria
Carnobacteriaceae
Cellulomonadaceae
Comamonadaceae
Coriobacteriales
Coriobacteriia
Dialister
Eikenella
Enhydrobacter
Flavobacteriales
Fusobacteriaceae
Fusobacterium
Intrasporangiaceae
Janibacter
Lawsonella
Lawsonellaceae
Mailhella
Marmoricola
Mediterranea
Megamonas
Neisseria
Neisseriaceae
Neisseriales
Nocardioidaceae
Olsenella
Phascolarctobacterium
Rikenellaceae
Romboutsia
Succinivibrionaceae
Tropheryma
Clostridiales Incertae Sedis XIIIClostridiales Incertae Sedis XIII
MarseillaMarseilla

Revision editor(s): Nuerteye

Signature 2

Needs review

Curated date: 2025/07/09

Curator: Nuerteye

Revision editor(s): Nuerteye

Source: Figure 3

Description: Taxonomic differences of the lung microbiota among patients with primary pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), newly diagnosed lung cancer (LC), and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). LEfSe identified the most differentially abundant taxa between the two groups.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Lung cancer

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Lautropia
Phenylobacterium

Revision editor(s): Nuerteye