Short-term pectin-enriched smoothie consumption has beneficial effects on the gut microbiota of low-fiber consumers

From BugSigDB
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI Uniform resource identifier for web resources.
Authors
Pihelgas S, Ehala-Aleksejev K, Kuldjärv R, Jõeleht A, Kazantseva J, Adamberg K
Journal
FEMS microbes
Year
2024
Keywords:
16S rRNA sequencing, dietary fibre, gut microbiota, intervention trial, pectin
Adequate consumption of fiber has a positive effect on health. The crossover study examined the effect of a pectin-enriched smoothie on gut microbiota and health parameters. During 3 weeks, 31 adults consumed two smoothies (11.6 or 4.8 g of fiber/day), alternating with washout periods in different order. At the end of each period, weekly food diaries, blood samples, and stool microbiota were collected. Changes in the microbiota during smoothie consumption were associated with baseline fiber intake. A greater proportion of up- (Lachnospira, Colidextribacter, and Bacteroides) or down-shifts (Streptococcus, Holdemanella) was observed in low-fiber (n = 22) compared to high-fiber consumers (n = 9). In both groups, the pectin-enriched smoothie reduced the number of the Ruminococcus torques group bacteria. Our results showed that the short-term approach is effective to estimate relationships between food components and gut bacteria.

Experiment 1


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Subjects

Location of subjects
Estonia
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
Homo sapiens
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Diet measurement Diet measurement,diet measurement
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
Base (Pre-intervention point of diet) (Group 1)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
HPect (High Pectin smoothie) (Group 1)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Participants in group 1 who consumed a higher amount of dietary fiber, especially high pectin smoothies first before a washout period and a low pectin smoothies consumption period
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
17
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
17
Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)
3 months

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
16S
16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
V4
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
relative abundances
Statistical test
Mann-Whitney (Wilcoxon)
Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
0.05


Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Figure 2

Description: Bacterial up and down shifts after smoothie periods and recoveries of abundance after WO periods.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in HPect (High Pectin smoothie) (Group 1)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Lachnospira

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Figure 2

Description: Bacterial up and down shifts after smoothie periods and recoveries of abundance after washout periods.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in HPect (High Pectin smoothie) (Group 1)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Coprococcus
Dorea
[Ruminococcus] torques

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 2


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
LF-intake (Low-fiber intake)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
HF-intake (High fiber-intake)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Participants who regularly consumed >23 g of dietary fiber per day
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
22
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
9

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Figure 3B

Description: At lower levels of abundance, four genera show the difference between LF and HF intake groups in the base period.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in HF-intake (High fiber-intake)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Akkermansia
Cloacibacillus
Coprococcus
Lactococcus

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 3


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
Base (LF intake group)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
HPect (LF intake group)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Participants consuming a low-fiber diet (<23 g/day, LF intake group), who received the high-pectin (HPect) smoothie during the intervention period.
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
Not specified
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
22

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Figure 4A, 6A, Table S3

Description: Altered genera in LF intake group (Base vs HPect). The pairwise comparison was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for statistical analysis to compare LPect and HPect effects on base period microbiota at the genus level

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in HPect (LF intake group)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bacteroides
Lachnospira
Paraprevotella

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/05/01

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Figure 4A, 4C, 6A, Table S3

Description: Altered genera in LF intake group (Base vs HPect). The pairwise comparison was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for statistical analysis to compare LPect and HPect effects on base period microbiota at the genus level.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in HPect (LF intake group)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Coprococcus
Dorea
Enterococcus
Eubacterium ventriosum
Faecalicatena fissicatena
Holdemanella
Streptococcus
Subdoligranulum
[Ruminococcus] torques
Lactococcus
Evtepia

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 4


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
LPect (Low pectin smoothie) (LF intake group)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Participants in the low-fiber intake group (<23 g/day) who received the low-pectin (LPect) smoothie as part of the intervention.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Figure 4B, 6A, Table S3

Description: Altered genera in LF intake group (Base vs LPect). The pairwise comparison was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for statistical analysis to compare LPect and HPect effects on base period microbiota at the genus level.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in LPect (Low pectin smoothie) (LF intake group)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Clostridium sp. CAG:352
Colidextribacter
Oscillibacter
Oxalobacter
Paraprevotella

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Figure 4B, 4C, 6A, Table S3

Description: Altered genera in LF intake group (Base vs LPect). The pairwise comparison was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for statistical analysis to compare LPect and HPect effects on base period microbiota at the genus level

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in LPect (Low pectin smoothie) (LF intake group)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Eubacterium ventriosum
Holdemanella
Peptococcus
Streptococcus
Turicibacter
Erysipelotrichaceae UCG 003Erysipelotrichaceae UCG 003
Defluviitaleaceae_UCG-011Defluviitaleaceae_UCG-011
UCG-009UCG-009
Merdibacter

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 5


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
Base (HF intake group)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
HPect (HF intake group)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Participants in the high-fiber intake group (>23 g/day) during the high-pectin (HPect) smoothie intervention period.
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
9

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Figure 5A, Table S3

Description: Altered genera in the HF intake group (Base vs HPect). The pairwise comparison was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for statistical analysis to compare LPect and HPect effects on base period microbiota at the genus level.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in HPect (HF intake group)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Anaerostipes
Lachnoclostridium
Lachnospiraceae bacterium NK4A136
Parasutterella

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Figure 5A, 5C, 6B, Table S3

Description: Altered genera in the HF intake group (Base vs HPect). The pairwise comparison was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for statistical analysis to compare LPect and HPect effects on base period microbiota at the genus level.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in HPect (HF intake group)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Ruminococcus
[Ruminococcus] torques
Erysipelotrichaceae UCG 003Erysipelotrichaceae UCG 003
Anaerostipes

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 6


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
LPect (HF intake group)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Participants in the high-fiber intake group (>23 g/day) during the low-pectin (LPect) smoothie intervention period.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Figure 5B, 6B, Table S3

Description: Altered genera in the HF intake group (Base vs LPect). The pairwise comparison was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for statistical analysis to compare LPect and HPect effects on base period microbiota at the genus level.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in LPect (HF intake group)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bilophila
Oscillibacter
Paraprevotella

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Figure 5B, 5C, 6B, Table S3

Description: Altered genera in the HF intake group (Base vs LPect). The pairwise comparison was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for statistical analysis to compare LPect and HPect effects on base period microbiota at the genus level.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in LPect (HF intake group)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Agathobacter
Eubacterium ventriosum
Ruminococcus

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 7


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
WO LPect (Wash out low pectin smoothie) (Group 2)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
HPect (Group 2)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Participants in group 2 who consumed the high-pectin smoothie during their second intervention period, following the low-pectin smoothie consumption period and a washout period.
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
14
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
14

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Figure 2

Description: Bacterial up- and down-shifts after smoothie periods and recoveries of abundances after WO periods.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in HPect (Group 2)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Coprococcus
[Ruminococcus] torques

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 8


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
HPect (Group 2)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
WO HPect (Wash out high pectin smoothie) (Group 2)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Participants in group 2 during the washout period after completing the high-pectin smoothie intervention.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/28

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Figure 2

Description: Bacterial up- and down-shifts after smoothie periods and recoveries of abundances after WO periods.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in WO HPect (Wash out high pectin smoothie) (Group 2)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Lachnospira

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 9


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/30

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
WO-HPect (Washout - high pectin smoothie) (Group 1)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
LPect (Group 1)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Participants in group 1 who consumed the low-pectin smoothie during their second intervention period, following the high-pectin smoothie consumption period and wash-out period

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/30

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Figure 2

Description: Bacterial up- and down-shifts after smoothie periods and recoveries of abundances after WO periods.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in LPect (Group 1)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Coprococcus

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Experiment 10


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/30

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
HPect (Group 1)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
WO HPect (Group 1)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Participants in group 1 during the washout period after completing the high-pectin smoothie intervention.
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
17
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
17

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by KateRasheed on 2025-7-22

Curated date: 2025/04/30

Curator: Shulamite

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp

Source: Figure 2

Description: Bacterial up- and down-shifts after smoothie periods and recoveries of abundances after WO periods.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in WO HPect (Group 1)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Lachnospira

Revision editor(s): Shulamite, Anne-mariesharp