The respiratory microbiome is linked to the severity of RSV infections and the persistence of symptoms in children

From BugSigDB
Needs review
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI
Authors
Kristensen M, de Steenhuijsen Piters WAA, Wildenbeest J, van Houten MA, Zuurbier RP, Hasrat R, Arp K, Chu MLJN, Billard M, Heikkinen T, Cunningham S, Snape M, Drysdale SB, Thwaites RS, Martinon-Torres F, Pollard AJ, Openshaw PJM, Aerssen J, Binkowska J, Bont L, Bogaert D
Journal
Cell reports. Medicine
Year
2024
Keywords:
16S, RSV, airway, birth cohort, case-control, microbiota, nasopharynx, respiratory, severity
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of infant respiratory infections and hospitalizations. To investigate the relationship between the respiratory microbiome and RSV infection, we sequence nasopharyngeal samples from a birth cohort and a pediatric case-control study (Respiratory Syncytial virus Consortium in Europe [RESCEU]). 1,537 samples are collected shortly after birth ("baseline"), during RSV infection and convalescence, and from healthy controls. We find a modest association between baseline microbiota and the severity of consecutive RSV infections. The respiratory microbiota during infection clearly differs between infants with RSV and controls. Haemophilus, Streptococcus, and Moraxella abundance are associated with severe disease and persistence of symptoms, whereas stepwise increasing abundance of Dolosigranulum and Corynebacterium is associated with milder disease and health. We conclude that the neonatal respiratory microbiota is only modestly associated with RSV severity during the first year of life. However, the respiratory microbiota at the time of infection is strongly associated with disease severity and residual symptoms.

Experiment 1


Needs review

Curated date: 2025/03/26

Curator: AmyUchay

Revision editor(s): AmyUchay, PreciousChijioke

Subjects

Location of subjects
Belgium
Finland
Netherlands
Spain
United Kingdom
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
Homo sapiens
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Nasopharynx Epipharynx,Nasal part of pharynx,Nasenrachenraum,Pars nasalis pharyngis,Rhinopharynx,Nasopharynx,nasopharynx
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Human respiratory syncytial virus infection,infections, Human respiratory syncytial virus,respiratory syncytial virus infection,respiratory syncytial virus infectious disease,Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection,respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
Healthy Controls
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) Infection
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Infants with RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) infection during the first year of life.
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
52
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
257

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
16S
16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
V4
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
relative abundances
Statistical test
MaAsLin2
Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
No
Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study
age
Confounders controlled for Confounding factors that have been accounted for by stratification or model adjustment
age, Confounders controlled for: "gender" is not in the list (abnormal glucose tolerance, acetaldehyde, acute graft vs. host disease, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, adenoma, age, AIDS, alcohol consumption measurement, alcohol drinking, ...) of allowed values.gender, Confounders controlled for: "study site" is not in the list (abnormal glucose tolerance, acetaldehyde, acute graft vs. host disease, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, adenoma, age, AIDS, alcohol consumption measurement, alcohol drinking, ...) of allowed values.study site

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Richness Number of species
decreased

Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2025/03/26

Curator: AmyUchay

Revision editor(s): AmyUchay, PreciousChijioke

Source: Fig 2E-F

Description: Taxonomic differences of nasopharyngeal microbiota in infants with RSV infection versus healthy controls.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) Infection

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Haemophilus
Moraxella

Revision editor(s): AmyUchay, PreciousChijioke

Signature 2

Needs review

Curated date: 2025/03/26

Curator: AmyUchay

Revision editor(s): AmyUchay, PreciousChijioke

Source: Fig 2E-F

Description: Taxonomic differences of nasopharyngeal microbiota in infants with RSV infection versus healthy controls.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) Infection

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Corynebacterium
Dolosigranulum

Revision editor(s): AmyUchay, PreciousChijioke

Experiment 2


Needs review

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: PreciousChijioke

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) Convalescence
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Infants with RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) Convalescence during the first year of life.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study
Not specified


Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: PreciousChijioke

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Source: Fig 2E - 2F

Description: Taxonomic differences of nasopharyngeal microbiota in infants with RSV infection versus healthy controls.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) Convalescence

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Moraxella

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Signature 2

Needs review

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: PreciousChijioke

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Source: Fig 2E - 2F

Description: Taxonomic differences of nasopharyngeal microbiota in infants with RSV infection versus healthy controls.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) Convalescence

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Corynebacterium

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Experiment 3


Needs review

Curated date: 2025/04/08

Curator: PreciousChijioke

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
Mild RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) group
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Infants with Mild RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) during the first year of life.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Confounders controlled for Confounding factors that have been accounted for by stratification or model adjustment
Not specified


Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2025/04/09

Curator: AmyUchay

Revision editor(s): AmyUchay, PreciousChijioke

Source: Fig 3E - 3F

Description: Associations between microbiota diversity, stability and composition, and RSV infection severity

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Mild RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) group

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Moraxella

Revision editor(s): AmyUchay, PreciousChijioke

Signature 2

Needs review

Curated date: 2025/04/09

Curator: AmyUchay

Revision editor(s): AmyUchay, PreciousChijioke

Source: Fig 3E - 3F

Description: Associations between microbiota diversity, stability and composition, and RSV infection severity.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Mild RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) group

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Corynebacterium

Revision editor(s): AmyUchay, PreciousChijioke

Experiment 4


Needs review

Curated date: 2025/04/11

Curator: PreciousChijioke

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
Moderate RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) group
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Infants with Moderate RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) during the first year of life.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2025/04/11

Curator: PreciousChijioke

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Source: Fig 3E - 3F

Description: Associations between microbiota diversity, stability and composition, and RSV infection severity

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Moderate RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) group

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Haemophilus
Moraxella

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Signature 2

Needs review

Curated date: 2025/04/11

Curator: PreciousChijioke

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Source: Fig 3E - 3F

Description: Associations between microbiota diversity, stability and composition, and RSV infection severity

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Moderate RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) group

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Corynebacterium
Dolosigranulum
Dolosigranulum pigrum

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Experiment 5


Needs review

Curated date: 2025/04/11

Curator: PreciousChijioke

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
Severe RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) group
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Infants with Severe RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) during the first year of life.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2025/04/11

Curator: PreciousChijioke

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Source: Fig 3E - 3F

Description: Associations between microbiota diversity, stability and composition, and RSV infection severity.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Severe RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) group

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Haemophilus
Streptococcus
Porphyromonas

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Signature 2

Needs review

Curated date: 2025/04/11

Curator: PreciousChijioke

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Source: Fig 3E - 3F

Description: Associations between microbiota diversity, stability and composition, and RSV infection severity.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Severe RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) group

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Corynebacterium
Dolosigranulum
Dolosigranulum pigrum

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Experiment 6


Needs review

Curated date: 2025/04/11

Curator: PreciousChijioke

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
No (symptoms)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
Blocked/runny nose
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Infants with Blocked/runny nose during the first year of life.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
Yes


Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2025/04/11

Curator: PreciousChijioke

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Source: Fig 4A - 4B

Description: Associations between microbiota profiles at RSV convalescence and remaining symptoms.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Blocked/runny nose

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Haemophilus

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Signature 2

Needs review

Curated date: 2025/04/11

Curator: PreciousChijioke

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Source: Fig 4A - 4B

Description: Associations between microbiota profiles at RSV convalescence and remaining symptoms.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Blocked/runny nose

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Dolosigranulum
Dolosigranulum pigrum

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Experiment 7


Needs review

Curated date: 2025/04/11

Curator: PreciousChijioke

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
Any (symptoms)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Infants with Any (symptoms) during the first year of life.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2025/04/11

Curator: PreciousChijioke

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke

Source: Fig 4A - 4B

Description: Associations between microbiota profiles at RSV convalescence and remaining symptoms.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Any (symptoms)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Haemophilus

Revision editor(s): PreciousChijioke