Changes in the bacterial profile and diversity of the gut microbiota in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients
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Study information
incomplete
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI Uniform resource identifier for web resources.
Authors
González-Rico C., Hernández M., Rodríguez-Grande J., Fernández-Luis S., Rodríguez A.B., González-Huerta A.J., Velasco E.L., López L.V., García I.G., de Las Revillas F.A., Fariñas-Álvarez C., Montes J.C., Ocampo-Sosa A., Fernández-Martínez M., Fariñas M.C.
Journal
International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
Year
2025
Keywords:
16S rRNA gene sequencing, Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, differential abundance, diversity, gut microbiota
OBJECTIVES: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is associated with significant alterations in gut microbiota (GM) composition, affecting transplant success. This study aimed to correlate these GM changes with post-transplant (post-HSCT) outcomes. METHODS: A prospective multicentre cohort study was conducted between June 2017 and December 2021 in three Spanish hospitals. Stool samples from allo-HSCT recipients were collected before HSCT, and at 14-, 30-, 60-, and 100-days post-HSCT. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences were characterized and microbial diversity assessed. RESULTS: Analysis of 409 samples from 95 patients revealed significant longitudinal GM shifts. Alpha diversity significantly decreased at days 14 (p<0.001), 30 (p<0.001), and 60 (p=0.002) compared to baseline. A distinct shift in dominant taxonomic profiles was observed, notably a significant decrease in Blautia abundance (p<0.001). Patients with acute gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease (GI-GVHD) (p=0.009), bacteraemia (p=0.014), or death (p<0.001) exhibited significantly lower Blautia levels. LEfSe analysis identified 22 differential taxa between deceased and surviving patients; the former showed higher abundance of potential pathogens such as Enterococcus_H (p=0.026), Enterococcus_A (p=0.019), and Staphylococcus (p=0.009). CONCLUSIONS: Significant variations in the GM's taxonomic profiles and relative abundances post-HSCT, particularly the decrease in Blautia and the increase in certain pathogens, are associated with poorer clinical outcomes.
Experiment 1
Subjects
- Location of subjects
- Spain
- Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
- Homo sapiens
- Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
- Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Response to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant Response to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant,response to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Surviving patients
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Deceased patients
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Patients who died during the study follow-up
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 74
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 21
Lab analysis
- Sequencing type
- 16S
- 16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
- V3-V4
- Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
- Illumina
Statistical Analysis
- Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
- relative abundances
- Statistical test
- LEfSe
- Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
- 0.05
- MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
- Yes
- LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool
- 2
- Confounders controlled for Confounding factors that have been accounted for by stratification or model adjustment
- age, sex, Confounders controlled for: "conditioning intensity" is not in the list (abnormal glucose tolerance, acetaldehyde, acute graft vs. host disease, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, adenoma, age, AIDS, alcohol consumption measurement, alcohol drinking, ...) of allowed values.conditioning intensity, Confounders controlled for: "progenitor source" is not in the list (abnormal glucose tolerance, acetaldehyde, acute graft vs. host disease, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, adenoma, age, AIDS, alcohol consumption measurement, alcohol drinking, ...) of allowed values.progenitor source, Confounders controlled for: "haematopoietic cell transplantation-specific comorbidity index (HCT-CI) Score" is not in the list (abnormal glucose tolerance, acetaldehyde, acute graft vs. host disease, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, adenoma, age, AIDS, alcohol consumption measurement, alcohol drinking, ...) of allowed values.haematopoietic cell transplantation-specific comorbidity index (HCT-CI) Score
Alpha Diversity
- Inverse Simpson Modification of Simpsons index D as 1/D to obtain high values in datasets of high diversity and vice versa
- decreased
Experiment 2
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Acute graft vs. host disease acute graft vs. host disease,Acute graft vs. host disease
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Patients without acute GI-GVHD or with grade ≤2
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Patients with acute GI-GVHD or with grade ≤2
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Patients who developed acute gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease (GI-GVHD) grade >2
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- Not specified
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- Not specified
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
- Statistical test
- Kruskall-Wallis
- Mann-Whitney (Wilcoxon)
- LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool
- Not specified
- Confounders controlled for Confounding factors that have been accounted for by stratification or model adjustment
- age, antibiotic exposure, sex, transplant conditioning
Alpha Diversity
- Inverse Simpson Modification of Simpsons index D as 1/D to obtain high values in datasets of high diversity and vice versa
- unchanged
Experiment 3
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Bacteriemia bacteraemia,bacteremia,Bacteremia (disorder),Bacteremia NOS (disorder),Bacteremia, NOS,Bacteremias,bacterial infectious disease with sepsis,bacterial sepsis,symptomatic bacteremia,Unspecified bacteraemia,Unspecified bacteremia,Unspecified bacteremia (context-dependent category),Bacteriemia,bacteriemia
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Patients without bacteremia
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Patients who experienced an episode of bacteraemia during follow-up
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
- Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
- Not specified
- Statistical test
- Mann-Whitney (Wilcoxon)
Alpha Diversity
- Inverse Simpson Modification of Simpsons index D as 1/D to obtain high values in datasets of high diversity and vice versa
- unchanged
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