Weight gain in anorexia nervosa does not ameliorate the faecal microbiota, branched chain fatty acid profiles, and gastrointestinal complaints

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Lwaldron on 2022/06/24
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI
Authors
Mack I, Cuntz U, Grämer C, Niedermaier S, Pohl C, Schwiertz A, Zimmermann K, Zipfel S, Enck P, Penders J
Journal
Scientific reports
Year
2016
The gut microbiota not only influences host metabolism but can also affect brain function and behaviour through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. To explore the potential role of the intestinal microbiota in anorexia nervosa (AN), we comprehensively investigated the faecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in these patients before (n = 55) and after weight gain (n = 44) in comparison to normal-weight participants (NW, n = 55) along with dietary intake and gastrointestinal complaints. We show profound microbial perturbations in AN patients as compared to NW participants, with higher levels of mucin-degraders and members of Clostridium clusters I, XI and XVIII and reduced levels of the butyrate-producing Roseburia spp. Branched-chain fatty acid concentrations, being markers for protein fermentation, were elevated. Distinct perturbations in microbial community compositions were observed for individual restrictive and binge/purging AN-subtypes. Upon weight gain, microbial richness increased, however perturbations in intestinal microbiota and short chain fatty acid profiles in addition to several gastrointestinal symptoms did not recover. These insights provide new leads to modulate the intestinal microbiota in order to improve the outcomes of the standard therapy.

Experiment 1


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Lwaldron on 2022/04/6

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

Revision editor(s): Lwaldron, WikiWorks, Victoria

Subjects

Location of subjects
Germany
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
Homo sapiens
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Anorexia nervosa anorexia nervosa,Anorexia nervosa
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
normal weight participants
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
anorexia patients before weight gain
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
55
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
55
Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)
8 weeks

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
16S
16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
V4
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
relative abundances
Statistical test
Mann-Whitney (Wilcoxon)
Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
0.15
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
Yes
Confounders controlled for Confounding factors that have been accounted for by stratification or model adjustment
age, sex

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Lwaldron on 2022/06/24

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Fatima Zohra

Revision editor(s): Lwaldron, WikiWorks

Source: figure 3

Description: gut microbiota of anorexia patients before and after weight gain compared to healthy controls

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in anorexia patients before weight gain

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Actinomycetota
Anaerostipes
Anaerotruncus
Bifidobacterium
Verrucomicrobiota
Clostridium

Revision editor(s): Lwaldron, WikiWorks

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Lwaldron on 2022/06/24

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Fatima Zohra

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Source: figure 3

Description: gut microbiota of anorexia patients before and after weight gain compared to healthy controls

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in anorexia patients before weight gain

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bacteroidota
Gemmiger
Roseburia

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Experiment 2


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Lwaldron on 2022/06/24

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

Revision editor(s): Lwaldron, WikiWorks, Victoria

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
HC
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
anorexia patients after weight gain
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
44

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
increased
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Lwaldron on 2022/06/24

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Fatima Zohra

Revision editor(s): Lwaldron, WikiWorks

Source: figure 3

Description: gut microbiota of anorexia patients before and after weight gain compared to healthy controls

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in anorexia patients after weight gain

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Actinomycetota
Anaerostipes
Bifidobacterium
Bacillota
Lactobacillus
Lactococcus
Pseudoflavonifractor
Ruminococcus
Sporobacter
unclassified Clostridium

Revision editor(s): Lwaldron, WikiWorks

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Lwaldron on 2022/06/24

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Fatima Zohra

Revision editor(s): Lwaldron, WikiWorks

Source: figure 3

Description: gut microbiota of anorexia patients before and after weight gain compared to healthy controls

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in anorexia patients after weight gain

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bacteroides
Bacteroidota
unclassified Clostridium

Revision editor(s): Lwaldron, WikiWorks