The gut microbiome, mild cognitive impairment, and probiotics: A randomized clinical trial in middle-aged and older adults
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Study information
-
Quality control
- Retracted paper
- Contamination issues suspected
- Batch effect issues suspected
- Uncontrolled confounding suspected
- Results are suspect (various reasons)
- Tags applied
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI
Authors
Aljumaah MR, Bhatia U, Roach J, Gunstad J, Azcarate Peril MA
Journal
Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
Year
2022
Keywords:
Cogitative aging, Gut microbiome, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Prevotella, Psychobiotics
BACKGROUND: Advancing age coincides with changes in the gut microbiome and a decline in cognitive ability. Psychobiotics are microbiota-targeted interventions that can result in mental health benefits and protect the aging brain. This study investigated the gut microbiome composition and predicted microbial functional pathways of middle-aged and older adults that met criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI), compared to neurologically healthy individuals, and investigated the impact of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. A total of 169 community-dwelling middle-aged (52-59 years) and older adults (60-75 years) received a three-month intervention and were randomized to probiotic and placebo groups. Participants were further subdivided based on cognitive status into groups with intact or impaired cognition and samples were collected at baseline and post supplementation. RESULTS: Microbiome analysis identified Prevotella ruminicola, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, and Bacteroides xylanisolvens as taxa correlated with MCI. Differential abundance analysis at baseline identified Prevotella as significantly more prevalent in MCI subjects compared to cognitively intact subjects (ALDEx2 P = 0.0017, ANCOM-BC P = 0.0004). A decrease in the relative abundance of the genus Prevotella and Dehalobacterium in response to LGG supplementation in the MCI group was correlated with an improved cognitive score. CONCLUSIONS: Our study points to specific members of the gut microbiota correlated with cognitive performance in middle-aged and older adults. Should findings be replicated, these taxa could be used as key early indicators of MCI and manipulated by probiotics, prebiotics, and symbiotics to promote successful cognitive aging. Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier no. NCT03080818.
Experiment 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-10-23
Subjects
- Location of subjects
- United States of America
- Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
- Homo sapiens
- Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
- Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Cognitive impairment Abnormality of cognition,Cognitive abnormality,Cognitive defects,Cognitive deficits,Cognitive impairment,Intellectual impairment,cognitive impairment
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Cognitively Intact Group
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Cognitively Impaired Group
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- This group consists of 23 patients with cognitive impairment.
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 60
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 23
Lab analysis
- Sequencing type
- 16S
- 16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
- V4
- Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
- Illumina
Statistical Analysis
- Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
- relative abundances
- Statistical test
- LEfSe
- Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
- 0.05
- MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
- Yes
- LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool
- 4
Alpha Diversity
- Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
- unchanged
- Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
- unchanged
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-10-23
Source: Figure 2C
Description: Cladogram and linear discriminant analysis of effect size (Lefse) showing biomarker taxa associated with cognitively intact and impaired individuals. The Lefse analysis included non-probiotic groups only.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Cognitively Impaired Group
Signature 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-10-23
Source: Figure 2C
Description: Cladogram and linear discriminant analysis of effect size (Lefse) showing biomarker taxa associated with cognitively intact and impaired individuals. The Lefse analysis included non-probiotic groups only.
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Cognitively Impaired Group
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Pseudomonadota | ||
| Phocaeicola vulgatus |
Experiment 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-10-23
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Baseline Group
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Placebo Group
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Patients in this group received two Culturelle Placebo Veggie capsules containing microcrystalline cellulose, which the gut microbiota cannot ferment.
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 169
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 83
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Alpha Diversity
- Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
- unchanged
- Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
- unchanged
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-10-23
Source: Figure 5D
Description: Cladogram and Linear Discriminant Analysis of effect size (Lefse) showing biomarker taxa for each group.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Placebo Group
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| [Ruminococcus] torques group[Ruminococcus] torques group | ||
| uncultured organism |
Revision editor(s): Victoria
Signature 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-10-23
Source: Figure 5D
Description: Cladogram and Linear Discriminant Analysis of effect size (Lefse) showing biomarker taxa for each group.
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Placebo Group
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| environmental samples |
Revision editor(s): Victoria
Experiment 3
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-10-23
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Probiotic Group
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Patients in this group received an LGG supplement in the form of two Culturelle Vegetarian Capsules containing a 10 billion CFU blend of L. rhamnosus GG and 200mg prebiotic inulin from chicory root extract.
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 86
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Alpha Diversity
- Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
- unchanged
- Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
- unchanged
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-10-23
Source: Figure 5D
Description: Cladogram and Linear Discriminant Analysis of effect size (Lefse) showing biomarker taxa for each group.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Probiotic Group
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| uncultured bacterium | ||
| Lactobacillus | ||
| Lactobacillaceae | ||
| Veilonellales selenomonadalesVeilonellales selenomonadales | ||
| unidentified | ||
| Mogibacterium |
Revision editor(s): Victoria
Signature 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-10-23
Source: Figure 5D
Description: Cladogram and Linear Discriminant Analysis of effect size (Lefse) showing biomarker taxa for each group.
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Probiotic Group
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| environmental samples |
Revision editor(s): Victoria
Experiment 4
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-10-23
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Placebo Group
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 83
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Alpha Diversity
- Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
- unchanged
- Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
- unchanged
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-10-23
Source: Figure 5D
Description: Cladogram and Linear Discriminant Analysis of effect size (Lefse) showing biomarker taxa for each group.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Probiotic Group
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Lactobacillus | ||
| Mogibacterium | ||
| uncultured bacterium | ||
| unidentified | ||
| Veilonellales selenomonadalesVeilonellales selenomonadales | ||
| Lactobacillaceae |
Revision editor(s): Victoria
Signature 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-10-23
Source: Figure 5D
Description: Cladogram and Linear Discriminant Analysis of effect size (Lefse) showing biomarker taxa for each group.
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Probiotic Group
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| uncultured organism | ||
| [Ruminococcus] torques group[Ruminococcus] torques group |
Revision editor(s): Victoria
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