Risk factors for type 1 diabetes, including environmental, behavioural and gut microbial factors: a case-control study

Study information

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study design

case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

33067559

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1038/s41598-020-74678-6

URI

Authors

Traversi D, Rabbone I, Scaioli G, Vallini C, Carletto G, Racca I, Ala U, Durazzo M, Collo A, Ferro A, Carrera D, Savastio S, Cadario F, Siliquini R, Cerutti F

Journal

Scientific reports

Year

2020

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a common autoimmune disease that is characterized by insufficient insulin production. The onset of T1D is the result of gene-environment interactions. Sociodemographic and behavioural factors may contribute to T1D, and the gut microbiota is proposed to be a driving factor of T1D. An integrated preventive strategy for T1D is not available at present. This case-control study attempted to estimate the exposure linked to T1D to identify significant risk factors for healthy children. Forty children with T1D and 56 healthy controls were included in this study. Anthropometric, socio-economic, nutritional, behavioural, and clinical data were collected. Faecal bacteria were investigated by molecular methods. The findings showed, in multivariable model, that the risk factors for T1D include higher Firmicutes levels (OR 7.30; IC 2.26-23.54) and higher carbohydrate intake (OR 1.03; IC 1.01-1.05), whereas having a greater amount of Bifidobacterium in the gut (OR 0.13; IC 0.05 - 0.34) was a protective factor for T1D. These findings may facilitate the development of preventive strategies for T1D, such as performing genetic screening, characterizing the gut microbiota, and managing nutritional and social factors.

Experiment 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-10-8

Curated date: 2024/10/05

Curator: Ifeanyisam

Revision editor(s): Ifeanyisam

Subjects

Location of subjects: Italy

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: Autoimmune type 1 diabetes type 1A,Autoimmune type 1 diabetes,autoimmune type 1 diabetes

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: healthy control

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: autoimmune type 1 diabetes

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: Children with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D)

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 56

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 40

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): 3 months

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V3-V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).: raw counts

Statistical test: DESeq2

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.001

MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: Yes

Signature 1

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Curated date: 2024/10/05

Curator: Ifeanyisam

Revision editor(s): Ifeanyisam, Svetlana up

Source: Results: T1D risk factors

Description: Difference between the gut microbiodata of Children with TD1 and Health Controls

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in autoimmune type 1 diabetes

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Barnesiellaceae
Lachnospiraceae
Rikenellaceae
Ruminococcus bromii
Segatella copri

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