Gut microbiota profiles in treatment-naïve children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Study information

Needs review

study design

cross-sectional observational, not case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

29580894

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1016/j.bbr.2018.03.036

URI

Authors

Jiang HY, Zhou YY, Zhou GL, Li YC, Yuan J, Li XH, Ruan B

Journal

Behavioural brain research

Year

2018

Keywords:

Gut-brain axis, Hyperactivity, Inattention, Microbiome

BACKGROUNDS: Although increasing evidence suggests a role for the gut microbiota in neurodevelopment, the actual structure and composition of microbiota in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) remain unclear. METHODS: Thus, the present study aimed to define the characteristics of gut microbiota in treatment-naive children with ADHD and to assess their relationship with the severity of ADHD symptoms. High-throughput pyrosequencing was used to investigate the microbiota composition in fecal matter from 51 children with ADHD and 32 healthy controls (HC). RESULTS: An operational taxonomical unit (OTU)-level analysis revealed a significant decrease in the fractional representation of Faecalibacterium in children with ADHD compared to HC. In individuals with ADHD, the abundance of Faecalibacterium was negatively associated with parental reports of ADHD symptoms. However, there was no significant difference in alpha diversity between the ADHD and control groups. CONCLUSIONS: This present findings support the involvement of microbiota alteration in psychiatric diseases and Faecalibacterium may represent a potential novel marker of gut microbiota in ADHD. Future studies are needed to validate these findings and to elucidate the temporal and causal relationships between these variables.

Experiment 1

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Needs review

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Subjects

Location of subjects: China

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable): Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADD,ADDH,ADHD,ATTENTION DEFICIT DIS,ATTENTION DEFICIT DIS WITH HYPERACTIVITY,Attention Deficit Disorder,attention deficit disorder,Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity,Attention Deficit Disorders,Attention Deficit Disorders with Hyperactivity,ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DIS,attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, inattentive type,attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, inattentive/distractible type,attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, predominantly inattentive type,Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders,Brain Dysfunction, Minimal,Deficit Disorder, Attention,Deficit Disorders, Attention,Disorder, Attention Deficit,Disorders, Attention Deficit,Dysfunction, Minimal Brain,hyperkinetic disorder,Hyperkinetic Syndrome,Minimal Brain Dysfunction,Syndromes, Hyperkinetic,attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: healthy control
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: ADHD
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 32
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 51
Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): 2 months

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V3-V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Statistical test: LEfSe

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: Yes
LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool: 2

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness: unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness: unchanged