Dysbiosis in the Gut Microbiota of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis, with a Striking Depletion of Species Belonging to Clostridia XIVa and IV Clusters
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Study information
-
Quality control
- Retracted paper
- Contamination issues suspected
- Batch effect issues suspected
- Uncontrolled confounding suspected
- Results are suspect (various reasons)
- Tags applied
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI
Authors
Miyake S, Kim S, Suda W, Oshima K, Nakamura M, Matsuoka T, Chihara N, Tomita A, Sato W, Kim SW, Morita H, Hattori M, Yamamura T
Journal
PloS one
Year
2015
The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disease affecting the brain and spinal cord, remains poorly understood. Patients with MS typically present with recurrent episodes of neurological dysfunctions such as blindness, paresis, and sensory disturbances. Studies on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) animal models have led to a number of testable hypotheses including a hypothetical role of altered gut microbiota in the development of MS. To investigate whether gut microbiota in patients with MS is altered, we compared the gut microbiota of 20 Japanese patients with relapsing-remitting (RR) MS (MS20) with that of 40 healthy Japanese subjects (HC40) and an additional 18 healthy subjects (HC18). All the HC18 subjects repeatedly provided fecal samples over the course of months (158 samples in total). Analysis of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene by using a high-throughput culture-independent pyrosequencing method provided evidence of a moderate dysbiosis in the structure of gut microbiota in patients with MS. Furthermore, we found 21 species that showed significant differences in relative abundance between the MS20 and HC40 samples. On comparing MS samples to the 158 longitudinal HC18 samples, the differences were found to be reproducibly significant for most of the species. These taxa comprised primarily of clostridial species belonging to Clostridia clusters XIVa and IV and Bacteroidetes. The phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that none of the clostridial species that were significantly reduced in the gut microbiota of patients with MS overlapped with other spore-forming clostridial species capable of inducing colonic regulatory T cells (Treg), which prevent autoimmunity and allergies; this suggests that many of the clostridial species associated with MS might be distinct from those broadly associated with autoimmune conditions. Correcting the dysbiosis and altered gut microbiota might deserve consideration as a potential strategy for the prevention and treatment of MS.
Experiment 1
Subjects
- Location of subjects
- Japan
- Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
- Homo sapiens
- Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
- Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Multiple sclerosis Disseminated Sclerosis,generalized multiple sclerosis,insular sclerosis,MS,MS (Multiple Sclerosis),multiple sclerosis,MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS ACUTE FULMINATING,Multiple Sclerosis, Acute Fulminating,Sclerosis, Disseminated,Sclerosis, Multiple,Multiple sclerosis
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Healthy subjects (controls)
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Multiple sclerosis (MS),
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Japanese patients with relapsing-remitting (RR) MS
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 40
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 20
- Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)
- None of the subjects was treated with antibiotics during collection of fecal samples.
Lab analysis
- Sequencing type
- 16S
- 16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
- V1-V2
- Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
- Roche454
Statistical Analysis
- Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
- relative abundances
- Statistical test
- Welch's T-Test
- Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
- 0.05
- MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
- Yes
Alpha Diversity
- Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
- unchanged
- Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
- decreased
- Richness Number of species
- unchanged
Signature 1
Source: S2_Fig.tif
Description: Fold-change in the relative abundance of 21 species showing significant differences between HC40 and MS20 samples.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Multiple sclerosis (MS),
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Streptococcus thermophilus | ||
| Eggerthella lenta | ||
| Streptococcus salivarius |
Revision editor(s): Rahila
Signature 2
Source: S2_Fig.tif
Description: Fold-change in the relative abundance of 21 species showing significant differences between HC40 and MS20 samples.
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Multiple sclerosis (MS),
Revision editor(s): Rahila
Experiment 2
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 18
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Alpha Diversity
- Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
- unchanged
- Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
- decreased
- Richness Number of species
- unchanged
Signature 1
Source: Fig 6
Description: Fold-change in the abundance of 21 species using longitudinal HC18 samples.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Multiple sclerosis (MS),
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Streptococcus thermophilus | ||
| Eggerthella lenta | ||
| Streptococcus salivarius |
Revision editor(s): Rahila
Signature 2
Source: Fig 6
Description: Fold-change in the abundance of 21 species using longitudinal HC18 samples.
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Multiple sclerosis (MS),
Revision editor(s): Rahila
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