The gut microbiome of Mexican children affected by obesity

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Needs review
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI
Authors
Maya-Lucas O, Murugesan S, Nirmalkar K, Alcaraz LD, Hoyo-Vadillo C, Pizano-Zárate ML, García-Mena J
Journal
Anaerobe
Year
2019
Keywords:
Cholesterol, Gut microbiome, High-throughput sequencing, Mexican children, Obesity, Triglycerides
Obesity is a metabolic disorder and global health issue. In Mexico 34.4% of children between 5 and 11 years-old are overweight or obese. Here we address this issue studying the gut microbiome in a sample of Mexican children affected by obesity. We performed metagenomic shotgun-sequencing of DNA isolated from fecal samples from a cohort of normal weight and obese Mexican children using Illumina platform with HiSeq 2500. We also examined their metabolic factors and fecal short-chain fatty acids concentration. The results show that a remarkable dysbiosis of bacteria, archaea and viruses was not observed in the obese children group compared to the normal weight group; however, the archaeal community exhibited an increase of unclassified Methanobrevibacter spp. in obese children. The bacterial communities of all participants were clustered into three different enterotypes. Most normal weight children have a gut bacterial community dominated by Ruminococcus spp. (Enterotype 3), while most obese children had a community dominated by Prevotella spp. (Enterotype 2). On the other hand, changes in the gut microbiome were correlated with clinical metadata and could be used to stratify individuals based on their phenotype. The species Megamonas spp. were over-represented in obese children, whereas members of the family Oscillospiraceae were depleted in the same individuals and negatively correlated with levels of serum cholesterol. A microbiome comparative metabolic pathway analysis showed that two KEGG pathway modules of glycolysis, Glycolysis I (from Glucose 6-Phosphate), and Glycolysis II (from Fructose 6-Phosphate) were significantly overrepresented in normal weight children. Our results establish specific alterations in the gut microbiome of Mexican children affected of obesity, along with clinical alterations, providing information on the microbiome composition that may be useful for prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment.

Experiment 1


Needs review

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Subjects

Location of subjects
Mexico
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable)
Homo sapiens
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
obesity Adiposis,Adiposity,Obese,Obese (finding),obesity,Obesity (disorder),Obesity [Ambiguous],obesity disease,obesity disorder,Obesity NOS,Obesity, unspecified,Overweight and obesity
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
controls
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
Obese
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
obesity
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
10
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
10

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
WMS
Not specified
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Statistical test
LEfSe
Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
No

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
decreased
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
unchanged
Richness Number of species
decreased

Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Rimsha Azhar

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Source: Figure 4A

Description: Differentially abundant bacterial genera, families, or species

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Obese

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Megamonas

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Signature 2

Needs review

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Rimsha Azhar

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Source: Figure 4A

Description: Differentially abundant bacterial genera, families, or species

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Obese

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Deltaproteobacteria
Desulfurococcaceae
Desulfobacterales
Streptococcus thermophilus
Dorea formicigenerans
Anaerostipes hadrus
Anaerostipes
Veillonella parvula
Coprococcus comes
Oscillibacter
Oscillospiraceae
Holdemania
Bacteroides faecis
Enterocloster citroniae
Bilophila wadsworthia
Bacteroides salyersiae
Bacteroides xylanisolvens
Bacteroides ovatus
Bacteroides
Bacteroidaceae

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks