Early-life gut microbiome and egg allergy

Study information

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study design

case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

29318631

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1111/all.13389

URI

Authors

Fazlollahi M, Chun Y, Grishin A, Wood RA, Burks AW, Dawson P, Jones SM, Leung DYM, Sampson HA, Sicherer SH, Bunyavanich S

Journal

Allergy

Year

2018

Keywords:

egg allergy, egg sensitization, food allergy, microbiome, purine

BACKGROUND: Gut microbiota may play a role in egg allergy. We sought to examine the association between early-life gut microbiota and egg allergy. METHODS: We studied 141 children with egg allergy and controls from the multicenter Consortium of Food Allergy Research study. At enrollment (age 3 to 16 months), fecal samples were collected, and clinical evaluation, egg-specific IgE measurement, and egg skin prick test were performed. Gut microbiome was profiled by 16S rRNA sequencing. Analyses for the primary outcome of egg allergy at enrollment, and the secondary outcomes of egg sensitization at enrollment and resolution of egg allergy by age 8 years, were performed using Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology, Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States, and Statistical Analysis of Metagenomic Profiles. RESULTS: Compared to controls, increased alpha diversity and distinct taxa (PERMANOVA P = 5.0 × 10-4 ) characterized the early-life gut microbiome of children with egg allergy. Genera from the Lachnospiraceae, Streptococcaceae, and Leuconostocaceae families were differentially abundant in children with egg allergy. Predicted metagenome functional analyses showed differential purine metabolism by the gut microbiota of egg-allergic subjects (Kruskal-Wallis Padj = 0.021). Greater gut microbiome diversity and genera from Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae were associated with egg sensitization (PERMANOVA P = 5.0 × 10-4 ). Among those with egg allergy, there was no association between early-life gut microbiota and egg allergy resolution by age 8 years. CONCLUSION: The distinct early-life gut microbiota in egg-allergic and egg-sensitized children identified by our study may point to targets for preventive or therapeutic intervention.

Experiment 1

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Curated date: 2021/01/10

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Subjects

Location of subjects: United States of America

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable): Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: egg allergy Allergy to eggs (disorder),Egg allergy,Egg Hypersensitivity,egg allergy

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: healthy control
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: children with egg allergy
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: children with egg allergy (ages ranging from 3 to 16 months)
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 75
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 66

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Statistical test: LEfSe; Logistic Regression

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: No
LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool: 2
Confounders controlled for Confounding factors that have been accounted for by stratification or model adjustment: age, atopic eczema, antibiotic, breast feeding

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: increased
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness: increased
Richness Number of species: increased

Signature 1

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Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Lucy Mellor

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Source: Figure 2b, text

Description: Bacterial genera significantly associated with egg allergy

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in children with egg allergy

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Ruminococcus
Lactococcus

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Signature 2

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Source: Figure 2b, text

Description: Bacterial genera significantly associated with egg allergy

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in children with egg allergy

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Leuconostoc

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Experiment 2

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Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: children with egg sensitization
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: children with egg sensitization
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 40
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 101

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Confounders controlled for Confounding factors that have been accounted for by stratification or model adjustment: age, race

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: increased
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness: increased
Richness Number of species: increased