Emollient use alters skin barrier and microbes in infants at risk for developing atopic dermatitis

From BugSigDB
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2022/11/5
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI
Authors
Glatz M, Jo JH, Kennedy EA, Polley EC, Segre JA, Simpson EL, Kong HH
Journal
PloS one
Year
2018
BACKGROUND: Emollients are a mainstay of treatment in atopic dermatitis (AD), a disease distinguished by skin bacterial dysbiosis. However, changes in skin microbiota when emollients are used as a potential AD preventative measure in infants remain incompletely characterized. RESULTS: We compared skin barrier parameters, AD development, and bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences of cheek, dorsal and volar forearm samples from 6-month-old infants with a family history of atopy randomized to receive emollients (n = 11) or no emollients (controls, n = 12). The emollient group had a lower skin pH than the control group. The number of bacterial taxa in the emollient group was higher than in the control group at all sites. The Streptococcus salivarius proportion was higher in the emollient versus control groups at all sites. S. salivarius proportion appeared higher in infants without AD compared to infants with AD. A decrease in S. salivarius abundance was further identified in a separate larger population of older children demonstrating an inverse correlation between AD severity at sampling sites and S. salivarius proportions. CONCLUSIONS: The decreased skin pH and the increased proportion of S. salivarius after long-term emollient use in infants at risk for developing AD may contribute to the preventative effects of emollients in high-risk infants.

Experiment 1


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2022/11/5

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

Revision editor(s): Claregrieve1, WikiWorks, Victoria

Subjects

Location of subjects
United States of America
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
Homo sapiens
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Skin of cheek Cheek skin,Skin of cheek,skin of cheek
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Atopic eczema allergic,allergic dermatitis,allergic form of dermatitis,Atopic Dermatitides,Atopic Dermatitis,Atopic dermatitis,atopic dermatitis and related conditions,Atopic dermatitis and related conditions (disorder),atopic eczema,Atopic Neurodermatitides,Atopic Neurodermatitis,Atopic neurodermatitis,Besnier's prurigo,Dermatitides, Atopic,Dermatitis, Atopic,Disseminated Neurodermatitides,Disseminated Neurodermatitis,eczema,Eczema, Atopic,Eczema, Infantile,eczematous dermatitis,Infantile Eczema,Neurodermatitides, Atopic,Neurodermatitides, Disseminated,Neurodermatitis, Atopic,Neurodermatitis, Disseminated,OTHER ATOPIC DERMATITIS,Other atopic dermatitis and related conditions,Atopic eczema
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
no emollient use
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
emollient use
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
infant randomized to emollient therapy
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
9
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
10
Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)
during study

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
16S
16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
V1-V3
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Roche454

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
relative abundances
Statistical test
Mann-Whitney (Wilcoxon)
Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
Yes

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
increased
Richness Number of species
increased

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2022/11/5

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Lucy Mellor

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Source: Figure 3b

Description: Relative abundance of Streptococcus salivarius in infants randomized to emollient and control in cheek sample

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in emollient use

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Streptococcus salivarius

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Experiment 2


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2022/11/5

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks, Victoria

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Skin of forearm Forearm skin,Lower arm skin,Lower segment of arm skin,Skin of antebrachial region,Skin of lower arm,Skin of lower segment of arm,Skin of zeugopod of arm,Skin of forearm,skin of forearm


Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
increased
Richness Number of species
increased

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2022/11/5

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Lucy Mellor

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Source: Figure 3b

Description: Relative abundance of Streptococcus salivarius in infants randomized to emollient and control in dorsal forearm sample

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in emollient use

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Streptococcus salivarius

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2022/11/5

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Lucy Mellor

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Source: Figure 3b

Description: Relative abundance of Streptococcus salivarius in infants randomized to emollient and control in volar forearm sample

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in emollient use

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Streptococcus salivarius

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks