Alterations in the intestinal microbiota of patients with severe and active Graves' orbitopathy: a cross-sectional study

Study information

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Fatima on 2021/07/9

study design

cross-sectional observational, not case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

30674011

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1007/s40618-019-1010-9

URI

Authors

Shi TT, Xin Z, Hua L, Zhao RX, Yang YL, Wang H, Zhang S, Liu W, Xie RR

Journal

Journal of endocrinological investigation

Year

2019

Keywords:

16S rRNA gene, Graves’ orbitopathy (GO), Gut microbiota, Thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb)

BACKGROUND: The intestinal microbiota was linked to autoimmune diseases. Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is an autoimmune disease that is usually associated with Graves' disease. However, information on the microbiome of GO patients is yet lacking. OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether GO patients differ from healthy controls in the fecal microbiota. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTING: 33 patients with severe and active GO and 32 healthy controls of Han nationality were enrolled between March 2017 and March 2018. METHODS: The Gut microbial communities of the fecal samples of GO patients and healthy controls were analyzed and compared by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS: Community diversity (Simpson and Shannon) was significantly reduced in fecal samples from patients with GO as compared to controls (p < 0.05). The similarity observed while assessing the community diversity (PCoA) proposed that the microbiota of patients with GO differ significantly from those of controls (p < 0.05). At the phyla levels, the proportion of Bacteroidetes increased significantly in patients with GO (p < 0.05), while at the genus and species levels, significant differences were observed in the bacterial profiles between the two groups (p < 0.05). LIMITATIONS: Single-centered study design and limited fecal samples. CONCLUSIONS: The present study indicated distinctive features of the gut microbiota in GO patients. The study provided evidence for further exploration in the field of intestinal microbiota with respect to the diagnosis and treatment of GO patients by modifying the microbiota profile.

Experiment 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Fatima on 2021/07/16

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks, Fatima, Rimsha, Victoria

Subjects

Location of subjects: China

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: Graves ophthalmopathy Congestive Ophthalmopathy,Dysthyroid Ophthalmopathy,dysthyroid/thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO),Edematous Ophthalmopathy,Graves' ophthalmopathy,Graves' orbitopathy,Myopathic Ophthalmopathy,thyroid eye disease (TED),Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathies,Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy,Graves ophthalmopathy,graves ophthalmopathy

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: Healthy controls

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: graves orbitopathy

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: The diagnosis of GO was established according to the EUGOGO Guidelines. The active GO was defined by a clinical activity score (CAS)≥3/7, and the severe GO was defined by NOSPECS score≥IV. CT or MRI was used to exclude any orbital space-occupying disease such as tumor or extraocular myositis.

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 32

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 33

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): 4 weeks

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Ion Torrent

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).: relative abundances

Statistical test: Metastats

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05

MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: No

Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study: age, sex

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: decreased

Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness: unchanged

Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness: decreased

Richness Number of species: unchanged

Signature 1

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Curator: Rimsha Azhar

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks, LGeistlinger, Fatima, Rimsha

Source: Figure 4a, 4b, 4c

Description: Comparison of the bacterial abundance at the phylum, genus and species levels in patients with graves' orbitopathy and healthy controls

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in graves orbitopathy

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Bacteroidota
Segatella copri
unclassified Prevotellaceae

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks, LGeistlinger, Fatima, Rimsha

Signature 2

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Fatima on 2021/07/9

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Rimsha Azhar

Revision editor(s): Fatima, Rimsha, WikiWorks

Source: Figure 4a, 4b, 4c

Description: Comparison of the bacterial abundance at the phylum, genus and species levels in patients with graves' orbitopathy and healthy controls

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in graves orbitopathy

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Alistipes shahii
Anaerobutyricum hallii
Anaerostipes
Blautia
Butyricimonas
Collinsella
Eubacterium ventriosum
Bacillota
Fusicatenibacter
Marseillibacter massiliensis
Phocaeicola massiliensis
Ruminococcus

Revision editor(s): Fatima, Rimsha, WikiWorks

Experiment 2

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Curator: WikiWorks

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Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: healthy controls

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: severe and active graves' orbitopathy