Altered fecal microbiota composition in patients with major depressive disorder

Study information

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09

study design

case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

25882912

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1016/j.bbi.2015.03.016

URI

Authors

Jiang H, Ling Z, Zhang Y, Mao H, Ma Z, Yin Y, Wang W, Tang W, Tan Z, Shi J, Li L, Ruan B

Journal

Brain, behavior, and immunity

Year

2015

Keywords:

Antidepressant, Depression, Gut bacteria, Gut–brain, Inflammation

Studies using animal models have shown that depression affects the stability of the microbiota, but the actual structure and composition in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) are not well understood. Here, we analyzed fecal samples from 46 patients with depression (29 active-MDD and 17 responded-MDD) and 30 healthy controls (HCs). High-throughput pyrosequencing showed that, according to the Shannon index, increased fecal bacterial α-diversity was found in the active-MDD (A-MDD) vs. the HC group but not in the responded-MDD (R-MDD) vs. the HC group. Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria strongly increased in level, whereas that of Firmicutes was significantly reduced in the A-MDD and R-MDD groups compared with the HC group. Despite profound interindividual variability, levels of several predominant genera were significantly different between the MDD and HC groups. Most notably, the MDD groups had increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae and Alistipes but reduced levels of Faecalibacterium. A negative correlation was observed between Faecalibacterium and the severity of depressive symptoms. These findings enable a better understanding of changes in the fecal microbiota composition in such patients, showing either a predominance of some potentially harmful bacterial groups or a reduction in beneficial bacterial genera. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the temporal and causal relationships between gut microbiota and depression and to evaluate the suitability of the microbiome as a biomarker.

Experiment 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

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Subjects

Location of subjects

China

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.

Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology

Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology

Unipolar depression Depression,Depression, Emotional,Depression, Endogenous,Depression, Involutional,Depression, Neurotic,Depression, Unipolar,Depressions,Depressions, Emotional,Depressions, Endogenous,Depressions, Neurotic,Depressions, Unipolar,DEPRESSIVE DIS,DEPRESSIVE DIS MAJOR,Depressive Disorder,Depressive Disorder, Major,Depressive Disorders,Depressive Disorders, Major,Depressive Neuroses,Depressive Neurosis,Depressive Symptom,Depressive Symptoms,Depressive Syndrome,Depressive Syndromes,Disorder, Depressive,Disorder, Major Depressive,Disorders, Depressive,Disorders, Major Depressive,Emotional Depression,Emotional Depressions,Endogenous Depression,Endogenous Depressions,Involutional Depression,Involutional Psychoses,Involutional Psychosis,MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DIS,major depressive disorder,Major Depressive Disorders,Neuroses, Depressive,Neurosis, Depressive,Neurotic Depression,Neurotic Depressions,Paraphrenia, Involutional,Psychoses, Involutional,Psychosis, Involutional,Symptom, Depressive,Symptoms, Depressive,Syndrome, Depressive,Syndromes, Depressive,Unipolar Depressions,Unipolar depression,unipolar depression

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies

Healthy Controls

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies

Active Major Depressive Disorder

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group

The A-MDD group was defined as having an HAMDS score P20. The patients in the R-MDD group were defined as those with a baseline HAMDS scores P20 upon admission to the hospi- tal.

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group

30

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group

29

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)

1 month

Lab analysis

Sequencing type

16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene

V1-V3

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance

Roche454

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).

relative abundances

Statistical test

LEfSe

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)

0.05

MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?

No

LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool

2

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness

increased

Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness

unchanged

Richness Number of species

unchanged

Signature 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Fatima Zohra

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Source: Figure 2

Description: Taxonomic differences of fecal microbiota between Healthy Controls and Active Major Depressive Disorder groups

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Active Major Depressive Disorder

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Flavonifractor
Butyricimonas
Enterobacterales
Enterobacteriaceae
Parabacteroides
Porphyromonadaceae
Alistipes
Rikenellaceae

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Signature 2

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Fatima Zohra

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Source: Figure 2

Description: Taxonomic differences of fecal microbiota between Healthy Controls and Active Major Depressive Disorder groups

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Active Major Depressive Disorder

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Oscillospiraceae
Faecalibacterium
Dialister
Pasteurellaceae
Pasteurellales
Ruminococcus
Haemophilus
Peptostreptococcaceae
Escherichia
Shigella

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Experiment 2

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies

Responded Major Depressive Disorder

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group

17

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).

Not specified

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness

unchanged

Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness

unchanged

Richness Number of species

unchanged

Signature 1

EditHistoryDelete

Flag for review

Your review change was submitted

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Fatima Zohra

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Source: Figure 3

Description: Taxonomic differences of fecal microbiota between Healthy Controls and Responded Major Depressive Disorder groups

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Responded Major Depressive Disorder

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Butyricimonas
Porphyromonadaceae

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Signature 2

EditHistoryDelete

Flag for review

Your review change was submitted

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Fatima Zohra

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Source: Figure 3

Description: Taxonomic differences of fecal microbiota between Healthy Controls and Responded Major Depressive Disorder groups

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Responded Major Depressive Disorder

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Ruminococcus
Pasteurellaceae
Pasteurellales
Haemophilus
Clostridium
Clostridiaceae

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks