Effects of Gut Microbiota Manipulation by Antibiotics on Host Metabolism in Obese Humans: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial

Study information

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Rimsha Azhar on 2021/02/09

study design

randomized controlled trial

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

27411009

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1016/j.cmet.2016.06.016

URI

Authors

Reijnders D, Goossens GH, Hermes GD, Neis EP, van der Beek CM, Most J, Holst JJ, Lenaerts K, Kootte RS, Nieuwdorp M, Groen AK, Olde Damink SW, Boekschoten MV, Smidt H, Zoetendal EG, Dejong CH, Blaak EE

Journal

Cell metabolism

Year

2016

The gut microbiota has been implicated in obesity and cardiometabolic diseases, although evidence in humans is scarce. We investigated how gut microbiota manipulation by antibiotics (7-day administration of amoxicillin, vancomycin, or placebo) affects host metabolism in 57 obese, prediabetic men. Vancomycin, but not amoxicillin, decreased bacterial diversity and reduced Firmicutes involved in short-chain fatty acid and bile acid metabolism, concomitant with altered plasma and/or fecal metabolite concentrations. Adipose tissue gene expression of oxidative pathways was upregulated by antibiotics, whereas immune-related pathways were downregulated by vancomycin. Antibiotics did not affect tissue-specific insulin sensitivity, energy/substrate metabolism, postprandial hormones and metabolites, systemic inflammation, gut permeability, and adipocyte size. Importantly, energy harvest, adipocyte size, and whole-body insulin sensitivity were not altered at 8-week follow-up, despite a still considerably altered microbial composition, indicating that interference with adult microbiota by 7-day antibiotic treatment has no clinically relevant impact on metabolic health in obese humans.

Experiment 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Rimsha Azhar on 2021/02/09

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks, Victoria

Subjects

Location of subjects: Netherlands

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: Antimicrobial agent antibiotic,antibiotics,Antibiotika,Antibiotikum,antibiotique,antimicrobial,antimicrobial agents,microbicide,microbicides,Antimicrobial agent,antimicrobial agent

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: or placebo (microcrystalline cellulose)

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: oral intake of vancomycin (directed against Gram-positive bacteria)

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: low-active (<3 hr organized sports activities per week), weight-stable (<2 kg body weight change 3 months prior to inclusion) overweight/obese (BMI 25–35 kg/m2) Caucasian men, between 35 and 70 years with impaired glucose metabolism (either fasting glucose >5.6 mmol/l, and/or 2 hr glucose between 7.8–11 mmol/l) and insulin resistant (homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance; HOMA-IR > 2.2).

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 37

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 38

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): 3 months

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: Not specified

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Human Intestinal Tract Chip

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).: relative abundances

Statistical test: Mann-Whitney (Wilcoxon)

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05

MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: Yes

Alpha Diversity

Inverse Simpson Modification of Simpsons index D as 1/D to obtain high values in datasets of high diversity and vice versa: decreased

Signature 1

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Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Mst Afroza Parvin

Revision editor(s): Lwaldron, WikiWorks

Source: Table S1

Description: Significantly different microbial taxa after 7 days intervention with vancomycin and placebo in feces using linear mixed models

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in oral intake of vancomycin (directed against Gram-positive bacteria)

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Anaerostipes caccae
Anaerovorax odorimutans
Atopobium
Bifidobacterium
Blautia obeum
Collinsella
Coprococcus eutactus
Dorea formicigenerans
Eggerthella lenta
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii
Lachnobacterium bovis
Lachnospira pectinoschiza
Lacrimispora sphenoides
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum
Papillibacter cinnamivorans
Ruminococcus bromii
[Clostridium] nexile
[Clostridium] cellulosi

Revision editor(s): Lwaldron, WikiWorks