Changes in the stool and oropharyngeal microbiome in obsessive-compulsive disorder

From BugSigDB
Needs review
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI Uniform resource identifier for web resources.
Authors
Domènech L, Willis J, Alemany-Navarro M, Morell M, Real E, Escaramís G, Bertolín S, Sánchez Chinchilla D, Balcells S, Segalàs C, Estivill X, Menchón JM, Gabaldón T, Alonso P, Rabionet R
Journal
Scientific reports
Year
2022
Although the etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is largely unknown, it is accepted that OCD is a complex disorder. There is a known bi-directional interaction between the gut microbiome and brain activity. Several authors have reported associations between changes in gut microbiota and neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression or autism. Furthermore, a pediatric-onset neuropsychiatric OCD-related syndrome occurs after streptococcal infection, which might indicate that exposure to certain microbes could be involved in OCD susceptibility. However, only one study has investigated the microbiome of OCD patients to date. We performed 16S ribosomal RNA gene-based metagenomic sequencing to analyze the stool and oropharyngeal microbiome composition of 32 OCD cases and 32 age and gender matched controls. We estimated different α- and β-diversity measures and performed LEfSe and Wilcoxon tests to assess differences in bacterial distribution. OCD stool samples showed a trend towards lower bacterial α-diversity, as well as an increase of the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae, particularly of the genus Alistipes, and lower relative abundance of Prevotellaceae, and two genera within the Lachnospiraceae: Agathobacer and Coprococcus. However, we did not observe a different Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes ratio between OCD cases and controls. Analysis of the oropharyngeal microbiome composition showed a lower Fusobacteria to Actinobacteria ratio in OCD cases. In conclusion, we observed an imbalance in the gut and oropharyngeal microbiomes of OCD cases, including, in stool, an increase of bacteria from the Rikenellaceae family, associated with gut inflammation, and a decrease of bacteria from the Coprococcus genus, associated with DOPAC synthesis.

Experiment 1


Needs review

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks743

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks753, WikiWorks743, Kahvecirem

Subjects

Location of subjects
United States of America
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable)
Homo sapiens
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Meconium Meconium
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
antimicrobial agent antibiotic,antibiotics,Antibiotika,Antibiotikum,antibiotique,antimicrobial,antimicrobial agents,microbicide,microbicides,antimicrobial agent
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
without prenatal antibiotics usages
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
infants delivered to mothers with
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
infants delivered to mothers given prenatal antibiotics (antibiotics given to mother from conception to 2 days prior to delivery)
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
88
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
17

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
16S
16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
V3-V4
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Statistical test
Mann-Whitney (Wilcoxon)
Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
Yes


Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
unchanged
Richness Number of species
unchanged

Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2020-06-21

Curator: Mst Afroza Parvin

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks743, Kahvecirem

Source: Text

Description: 3.3. Alpha Diversity; 3.4. Relative abundance of Taxa

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in infants delivered to mothers with

NCBI Links
Clostridium
Enterobacteriaceae

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks743, Kahvecirem

Experiment 2


Needs review

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks743

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks753, WikiWorks743

Subjects

Location of subjects
United States of America
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable)
Homo sapiens
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Meconium Meconium
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
antimicrobial agent antibiotic,antibiotics,Antibiotika,Antibiotikum,antibiotique,antimicrobial,antimicrobial agents,microbicide,microbicides,antimicrobial agent
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
without peripartum antibiotics usages
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
infants delivered to mothers with
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
infants delivered to mothers given preipartum antibiotics (antibiotics given to mother 2 days prior to delivery to during delivery)
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
43
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
62

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
16S
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Statistical test
Mann-Whitney (Wilcoxon)
Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
Yes


Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
increased
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
increased
Richness Number of species
unchanged

Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2020-06-21

Curator: Mst Afroza Parvin

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks743

Source: Text

Description: 3.3. Alpha Diversity; 3.4. Relative abundance of Taxa

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in infants delivered to mothers with

NCBI Links
Agrobacterium
Streptococcus

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks743

Signature 2

Needs review

Curated date: 2020-06-21

Curator: Mst Afroza Parvin

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks743

Source: Text

Description: 3.3. Alpha Diversity; 3.4. Relative abundance of Taxa

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in infants delivered to mothers with

NCBI Links
Enterococcus

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks743