A step ahead: Exploring the gut microbiota in inpatients with bipolar disorder during a depressive episode
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Study information
-
Quality control
- Retracted paper
- Contamination issues suspected
- Batch effect issues suspected
- Uncontrolled confounding suspected
- Results are suspect (various reasons)
- Tags applied
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI
Authors
Painold A, Mörkl S, Kashofer K, Halwachs B, Dalkner N, Bengesser S, Birner A, Fellendorf F, Platzer M, Queissner R, Schütze G, Schwarz MJ, Moll N, Holzer P, Holl AK, Kapfhammer HP, Gorkiewicz G, Reininghaus EZ
Journal
Bipolar disorders
Year
2019
Keywords:
16S rRNA gene, bipolar disorder, diversity, gut microbiota, gut-brain axis, illness duration, inflammation, metabolic syndrome, oxidative stress, tryptophan
OBJECTIVES: There is evidence that the gut microbiota plays a major role in the pathogenesis of diseases of the central nervous system through the gut-brain axis. The aim of the present study was to analyze gut microbiota composition in bipolar disorder (BD) and its relation to inflammation, serum lipids, oxidative stress, tryptophan (TRP)/kynurenine (KYN) levels, anthropometric measurements and parameters of metabolic syndrome. Further, microbial community differences of individuals with BD compared with healthy controls (HC) were explored. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing of stool samples from 32 BD individuals and 10 HC. Laboratory parameters included inflammatory markers, serum lipids, KYN, oxidative stress and anthropometric measures. Microbial community analysis and correlation to clinical parameters was performed with QIIME, differential abundance analysis of taxa encompassed linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe). RESULTS: We found a negative correlation between microbial alpha-diversity and illness duration in BD (R = -0.408, P = 0.021). Furthermore, we identified bacterial clades associated with inflammatory status, serum lipids, TRP, depressive symptoms, oxidative stress, anthropometrics and metabolic syndrome in individuals with BD. LEfSe identified the phylum Actinobacteria (LDA= 4.82, P = 0.007) and the class Coriobacteria (LDA= 4.75, P = 0.010) as significantly more abundant in BD when compared with HC, and Ruminococcaceae (LDA= 4.59, P = 0.018) and Faecalibacterium (LDA= 4.09, P = 0.039) as more abundant in HC when compared with BD. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings suggest that causes and/or consequences of BD may also lie outside the brain. Exploratory research of the gut microbiota in affective disorders like BD may identify previously unknown underlying causes, and offer new research and therapeutic approaches to mood disorders.
Experiment 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Subjects
- Location of subjects
- Austria
- Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
- Homo sapiens
- Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
- Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Bipolar disorder [X]Bipolar affective disorder, unspecified,[X]Bipolar affective disorder, unspecified (disorder),Affective Bipolar Psychosis,Affective Psychosis, Bipolar,Bipolar affective disorder,bipolar affective disorder,Bipolar affective disorder , current episode mixed (disorder),Bipolar affective disorder, current episode depression (disorder),Bipolar affective disorder, manic, unspecified degree,Bipolar affective disorder, mixed, unspecified degree,Bipolar Affective Psychosis,Bipolar Depression,bipolar depression,BIPOLAR DIS,bipolar disease,bipolar disorder,Bipolar disorder (disorder),bipolar disorder manic phase,BIPOLAR DISORDER NOS,Bipolar disorder, NOS,Bipolar disorder, unspecified,Bipolar Disorders,Depression, Bipolar,Depressive-manic psych.,depressive-manic psych.,Disorder, Bipolar,Disorder, Manic,MAFD,major affective disorder,major bipolar affective disorder,Mania,Manias,Manic Bipolar Affective disorder,manic bipolar affective disorder,Manic bipolar I disorder,manic bipolar I disorder,Manic bipolar I disorder (disorder),manic depression,Manic Depressive disorder,manic depressive disorder,MANIC DEPRESSIVE ILLNESS,Manic Depressive Psychosis,MANIC DIS,Manic Disorder,manic disorder,Manic Disorders,Manic State,Manic States,Manic-Depression,manic-depression,Manic-depressive illness,manic-depressive illness,Manic-Depressive Psychoses,Manic-depressive psychosis,manic-depressive psychosis,Manic-depressive syndrome NOS,MDI - Manic-depressive illness,mixed bipolar affective disorder (disorder),mixed bipolar affective disorder, NOS (disorder),mixed bipolar disorder,mixed bipolar I disorder (disorder),Psychoses, Bipolar Affective,Psychoses, Manic Depressive,Psychoses, Manic-Depressive,Psychosis, Bipolar Affective,Psychosis, Manic Depressive,Psychosis, Manic-Depressive,State, Manic,States, Manic,Unspecified bipolar affective disorder,Unspecified bipolar affective disorder (disorder),Unspecified bipolar affective disorder, NOS,Unspecified bipolar affective disorder, NOS (disorder),Unspecified bipolar affective disorder, unspecified,Unspecified bipolar affective disorder, unspecified (disorder),Bipolar disorder
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Controls
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Bipolar disorder
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- cases followed the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)21 diagnosis of bipolar I disorder
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 10
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 32
- Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)
- 1 month
Lab analysis
- Sequencing type
- 16S
- 16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
- V1-V2
- Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
- Ion Torrent
Statistical Analysis
- Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
- relative abundances
- Statistical test
- LEfSe
- Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
- 0.05
- MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
- No
- LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool
- 3
Alpha Diversity
- Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
- unchanged
- Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
- unchanged
- Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
- unchanged
- Richness Number of species
- unchanged
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: Table 3
Description: Differentially abundant features of Bipolar disorder individuals in comparison to HC
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Bipolar disorder
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Actinomycetota | ||
| Coriobacteriales | ||
| Coriobacteriaceae | ||
| Coriobacteriia |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Signature 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: Table 3
Description: Differentially abundant features of Bipolar disorder individuals in comparison to HC
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Bipolar disorder
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Oscillospiraceae | ||
| Faecalibacterium |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Experiment 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- low IL-6
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Bipolar patients with high IL-6
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- Not specified
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- Not specified
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: text (results)
Description: Microbiota composition in relation to inflammatory markers among bipolar patients
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Bipolar patients with high IL-6
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Lactobacillales | ||
| Lactobacillaceae | ||
| Lactobacillus | ||
| Streptococcaceae | ||
| Streptococcus |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Experiment 3
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- low total cholesterol
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Bipolar patients with high total cholesterol
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: text (results)
Description: Microbiota composition in relation to lipid levels among bipolar patients
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Bipolar patients with high total cholesterol
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Clostridiaceae |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Experiment 4
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- low LDL
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Bipolar patients with high LDL
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: text (results)
Description: Microbiota composition in relation to lipid levels among bipolar patients
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Bipolar patients with high LDL
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Prevotellaceae | ||
| Prevotella |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Experiment 5
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- low TRP
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Bipolar patients with high TRP
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: text (results)
Description: Microbiota composition in relation to tryptophan metabolites among bipolar patients
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Bipolar patients with high TRP
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Lactobacillus | ||
| Lactobacillaceae | ||
| Coriobacteriaceae | ||
| Clostridiaceae |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Experiment 6
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- low TBARS level
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Bipolar patients with high TBARS level
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
- LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool
- 2
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: text (results)
Description: Microbiota composition in relation to markers of oxidative stress among bipolar patients
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Bipolar patients with high TBARS level
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Eubacterium |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Experiment 7
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- low MDA level
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Bipolar patients with high MDA level
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
- LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool
- 3
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: text (results)
Description: Microbiota composition in relation to markers of oxidative stress among bipolar patients
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Bipolar patients with high MDA level
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Faecalibacterium |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Experiment 8
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- low BMI
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Bipolar patients with high BMI
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: text (results)
Description: Microbiota composition in relation to BMI among bipolar patients
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Bipolar patients with high BMI
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Lactobacillus | ||
| Lactobacillaceae | ||
| Bacilli |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Experiment 9
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- no metabolic syndrome
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Bipolar patients with metabolic syndrome
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: text (results)
Description: Microbiota composition in relation to metabolic syndrome among bipolar patients
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Bipolar patients with metabolic syndrome
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Lactobacillaceae | ||
| Lactobacillus | ||
| Coriobacteriaceae |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Experiment 10
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- healthier bipolar patients
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Bipolar patients with depressive syndrome
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: text (results)
Description: Microbiota composition in relation to depressive syndrome among bipolar patients
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Bipolar patients with depressive syndrome
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Enterobacteriaceae |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Signature 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: text (results)
Description: Microbiota composition in relation to depressive syndrome among bipolar patients
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Bipolar patients with depressive syndrome
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Clostridiaceae | ||
| Roseburia |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Experiment 11
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Controls
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Bipolar disorder
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 10
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 27
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: Supplementary Table 1
Description: Differentially abundant features of Bipolar disorder individuals in comparison to HC after exclusion obese and diabetic patients
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Bipolar disorder
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Actinomycetota | ||
| Coriobacteriales | ||
| Coriobacteriaceae | ||
| Coriobacteriia |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Signature 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: Supplementary Table 1
Description: Differentially abundant features of Bipolar disorder individuals in comparison to HC after exclusion obese and diabetic patients
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Bipolar disorder
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Oscillospiraceae | ||
| Faecalibacterium |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
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