Gut dysbiosis during antileukemia chemotherapy versus allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation

Study information

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2023/01/11

study design

time series / longitudinal observational

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

31873965

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1002/cncr.32641

URI

Authors

Rashidi A, Kaiser T, Graiziger C, Holtan SG, Rehman TU, Weisdorf DJ, Dunny GM, Khoruts A, Staley C

Journal

Cancer

Year

2020

Keywords:

dysbiosis, leukemia, microbiota, transplantation

BACKGROUND: In the field of malignant hematology, most microbiome studies have focused on recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). As a result, this population has remained the primary target for novel microbiota therapeutics. Because the types of insults to the microbiome are similar during hematopoietic cell transplantation and intensive antileukemia therapy, this study evaluated whether the dysbiosis states are similar in the 2 settings. METHODS: This study compared gut microbiota assemblages and community domination states in 2 cohorts of patients: patients with intensively treated acute leukemia (AL) and allo-HCT recipients. 16S ribosomal RNA gene profiling of thrice weekly stool samples was performed. Linear discriminant analysis effect size was used to determine differentially abundant taxa in groups of interest, and mixed modes were used to determine the predictors of microbiome states. RESULTS: Microbiome changes in both cohorts were characterized by a marked loss of diversity and domination of low-diversity communities by Enterococcus. In the AL cohort, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus was also inversely correlated with diversity. Communities dominated by these genera were compositionally different. CONCLUSIONS: Similarities in microbiota assemblages between the 2 cohorts support a broader scope for microbiota-directed therapeutics than previously considered, whereas specific differences suggest a personalized aspect to such therapeutics with the possibility of a differential response.

Experiment 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2023/01/11

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

Revision editor(s): Claregrieve1, WikiWorks

Subjects

Location of subjects: United States of America

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: Leukemia blood (leukemia),leukemia,leukemia (disease),leukemia, disease,leukemia, malignant,leukemias,leukemias, general,Leukemia

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: Allogeneic Hematopoetic Stem Cell Transplant

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: Acute anti-leukemia treatment

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: Patients with leukemia who underwent intensive chemotherapy (any regimen involving 4 weeks or more of hospitalization) that did not have allo-HCT

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 20

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 20

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Statistical test: LEfSe

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.01

MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: Yes

LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool: 4

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: unchanged

Signature 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2023/01/11

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: William Lam

Revision editor(s): Claregrieve1, WikiWorks

Source: Text

Description: Differential microbial abundance between patients with acute leukemia treated with antileukemia regimens compared with allogeneic hematopoeitic stem cell transplant

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Acute anti-leukemia treatment

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Bacteroides
Akkermansia
Faecalibacterium

Revision editor(s): Claregrieve1, WikiWorks

Signature 2

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2023/01/11

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: William Lam

Revision editor(s): Claregrieve1, WikiWorks

Source: Text

Description: Differential microbial abundance between patients with acute leukemia treated with antileukemia regimens compared with allogeneic hematopoeitic stem cell transplant

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Acute anti-leukemia treatment

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Clostridium

Revision editor(s): Claregrieve1, WikiWorks