The gut microbiota is associated with psychiatric symptom severity and treatment outcome among individuals with serious mental illness
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Study information
-
Quality control
- Retracted paper
- Contamination issues suspected
- Batch effect issues suspected
- Uncontrolled confounding suspected
- Results are suspect (various reasons)
- Tags applied
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI Uniform resource identifier for web resources.
Authors
Madan A, Thompson D, Fowler JC, Ajami NJ, Salas R, Frueh BC, Bradshaw MR, Weinstein BL, Oldham JM, Petrosino JF
Journal
Journal of affective disorders
Year
2020
BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence implicates the gut microbiota in central nervous system functioning via its effects on inflammation, the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, and/or neurotransmission. Our understanding of the cellular underpinnings of the brain-gut relationship is based almost exclusively on animal models with some small-scale human studies. This study examined the relationship between the gut microbiota and psychiatric symptom severity and treatment response among inpatients with serious mental illness. METHOD: We collected data from adult inpatients (N = 111). Measures of diagnoses, suicide severity, trauma, depression, and anxiety were collected shortly after admission, while self-collected fecal swabs were collected early in the course of hospitalization and processed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and whole genome shotgun sequencing methods. RESULTS: Results indicate that depression and anxiety severity shortly after admission were negatively associated with bacterial richness and alpha diversity. Additional analyses revealed a number of bacterial taxa associated with depression and anxiety severity. Gut microbiota richness and alpha diversity early in the course of hospitalization was a significant predictor of depression remission at discharge. CONCLUSIONS: This study is among the first to demonstrate a gut microbiota relationship with symptom severity among psychiatric inpatients as well as a relationship to remission of depression post-treatment. These findings are consistent with animal models and limited human studies as well as with the broader literature implicating inflammation in the pathophysiology of depression. These findings offer the foundation for further studies of novel therapeutic approaches to the treatment, prevention of, or recurrence of serious mental illness.
Experiment 1
Needs review
Subjects
- Location of subjects
- United States of America
- Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable)
- Homo sapiens
- Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
- Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- unipolar depression Depression,Depression, Emotional,Depression, Endogenous,Depression, Involutional,Depression, Neurotic,Depression, Unipolar,Depressions,Depressions, Emotional,Depressions, Endogenous,Depressions, Neurotic,Depressions, Unipolar,DEPRESSIVE DIS,DEPRESSIVE DIS MAJOR,Depressive Disorder,Depressive Disorder, Major,Depressive Disorders,Depressive Disorders, Major,Depressive Neuroses,Depressive Neurosis,Depressive Symptom,Depressive Symptoms,Depressive Syndrome,Depressive Syndromes,Disorder, Depressive,Disorder, Major Depressive,Disorders, Depressive,Disorders, Major Depressive,Emotional Depression,Emotional Depressions,Endogenous Depression,Endogenous Depressions,Involutional Depression,Involutional Psychoses,Involutional Psychosis,MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DIS,major depressive disorder,Major Depressive Disorders,Neuroses, Depressive,Neurosis, Depressive,Neurotic Depression,Neurotic Depressions,Paraphrenia, Involutional,Psychoses, Involutional,Psychosis, Involutional,Symptom, Depressive,Symptoms, Depressive,Syndrome, Depressive,Syndromes, Depressive,Unipolar Depressions,unipolar depression
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- mild depression
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- severe depression
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- psychiatric inpatients diagnosed by DSM-IV Disorders, SCID-I and SCID-II interviews, CSSR-S, SLEQ and GAD-7
Lab analysis
- Sequencing type
- 16S
- 16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
- V4
- Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
- Illumina
Statistical Analysis
- Statistical test
- LEfSe
- Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
- 0.05
- MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
- No
- LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool
- 2
Signature 1
Needs review
Source: Figure 1a,1b
Description: Bacterial biomarkers associated with depression severity with genus and species level resolution at admission
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in severe depression
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks743
Signature 2
Needs review
Source: Figure 1a,1b
Description: Bacterial biomarkers associated with depression severity with genus and species level resolution at admission
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in severe depression
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks743
Experiment 2
Needs review
Subjects
- Location of subjects
- United States of America
- Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable)
- Homo sapiens
- Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
- Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- unipolar depression Depression,Depression, Emotional,Depression, Endogenous,Depression, Involutional,Depression, Neurotic,Depression, Unipolar,Depressions,Depressions, Emotional,Depressions, Endogenous,Depressions, Neurotic,Depressions, Unipolar,DEPRESSIVE DIS,DEPRESSIVE DIS MAJOR,Depressive Disorder,Depressive Disorder, Major,Depressive Disorders,Depressive Disorders, Major,Depressive Neuroses,Depressive Neurosis,Depressive Symptom,Depressive Symptoms,Depressive Syndrome,Depressive Syndromes,Disorder, Depressive,Disorder, Major Depressive,Disorders, Depressive,Disorders, Major Depressive,Emotional Depression,Emotional Depressions,Endogenous Depression,Endogenous Depressions,Involutional Depression,Involutional Psychoses,Involutional Psychosis,MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DIS,major depressive disorder,Major Depressive Disorders,Neuroses, Depressive,Neurosis, Depressive,Neurotic Depression,Neurotic Depressions,Paraphrenia, Involutional,Psychoses, Involutional,Psychosis, Involutional,Symptom, Depressive,Symptoms, Depressive,Syndrome, Depressive,Syndromes, Depressive,Unipolar Depressions,unipolar depression
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- mild depression
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- moderate depression
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- psychiatric inpatients diagnosed by DSM-IV Disorders, SCID-I and SCID-II interviews, CSSR-S, SLEQ and GAD-7
Lab analysis
- Sequencing type
- 16S
- Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
- Illumina
Statistical Analysis
- Statistical test
- LEfSe
- Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
- 0.05
- MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
- No
- LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool
- 2
Signature 1
Needs review
Source: Figure 1a,1b
Description: Bacterial biomarkers associated with depression severity with genus and species level resolution at admission
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in moderate depression
| NCBI | Links |
|---|---|
| Flavonifractor | |
| Streptococcus anginosus | |
| Coprococcus catus | |
| [Clostridium] symbiosum |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks743
Experiment 3
Needs review
Subjects
- Location of subjects
- United States of America
- Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable)
- Homo sapiens
- Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
- Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- anxiety disorder anxiety,anxiety disorder,anxiety disorders,anxiety neuroses,anxiety neurosis,anxiety state,anxiety/mood disorders,chronic stress,mood and anxiety disorder,mood and anxiety disorders,neurotic anxiety states
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- mild anxiety
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- severe anxiety
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- psychiatric inpatients diagnosed by DSM-IV Disorders, SCID-I and SCID-II interviews, CSSR-S, SLEQ and GAD-7
Lab analysis
- Sequencing type
- 16S
- Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
- Illumina
Statistical Analysis
- Statistical test
- LEfSe
- Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
- 0.05
- MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
- No
- LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool
- 2
Signature 1
Needs review
Source: Figure 1c, 1d
Description: Bacterial biomarkers associated with anxiety severity with genus and species level resolution at admission
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in severe anxiety
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks743
Signature 2
Needs review
Source: Figure 1c, 1d
Description: Bacterial biomarkers associated with anxiety severity with genus and species level resolution at admission
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in severe anxiety
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks743
Experiment 4
Needs review
Subjects
- Location of subjects
- United States of America
- Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable)
- Homo sapiens
- Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
- Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- anxiety disorder anxiety,anxiety disorder,anxiety disorders,anxiety neuroses,anxiety neurosis,anxiety state,anxiety/mood disorders,chronic stress,mood and anxiety disorder,mood and anxiety disorders,neurotic anxiety states
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- mild anxiety
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- moderate anxiety
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- psychiatric inpatients diagnosed by DSM-IV Disorders, SCID-I and SCID-II interviews, CSSR-S, SLEQ and GAD-7
Lab analysis
- Sequencing type
- 16S
- Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
- Illumina
Statistical Analysis
- Statistical test
- LEfSe
- Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
- 0.05
- MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
- No
- LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool
- 2
Signature 1
Needs review
Source: Figure 1c, 1d
Description: Bacterial biomarkers associated with anxiety severity with genus and species level resolution at admission
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in moderate anxiety
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks743
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