Microbiota and Derived Parameters in Fecal Samples of Infants with Non-IgE Cow's Milk Protein Allergy under a Restricted Diet

Study information

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Atrayees on 2023-8-3

study design

prospective cohort

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

30314304

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.3390/nu10101481

URI

Authors

Díaz M, Guadamuro L, Espinosa-Martos I, Mancabelli L, Jiménez S, Molinos-Norniella C, Pérez-Solis D, Milani C, Rodríguez JM, Ventura M, Bousoño C, Gueimonde M, Margolles A, Díaz JJ, Delgado S

Journal

Nutrients

Year

2018

Keywords:

cow’s milk protein, fecal microbiota, non-IgE mediated allergy, protein hydrolyzed formulas, tolerance acquisition

Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is the most common food allergy in infancy. Non-IgE mediated (NIM) forms are little studied and the responsible mechanisms of tolerance acquisition remain obscure. Our aim was to study the intestinal microbiota and related parameters in the fecal samples of infants with NIM-CMPA, to establish potential links between type of formula substitutes, microbiota, and desensitization. Seventeen infants between one and two years old, diagnosed with NIM-CMPA, were recruited. They were all on an exclusion diet for six months, consuming different therapeutic protein hydrolysates. After this period, stool samples were obtained and tolerance development was evaluated by oral challenges. A control group of 10 age-matched healthy infants on an unrestricted diet were included in the study. Microbiota composition, short-chain fatty acids, calprotectin, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β₁ levels were determined in fecal samples from both groups. Infants with NIM-CMPA that consumed vegetable protein-based formulas presented microbiota colonization patterns different from those fed with an extensively hydrolyzed formula. Differences in microbiota composition and fecal parameters between NIM-CMPA and healthy infants were observed. Non-allergic infants showed a significantly higher proportion of Bacteroides compared to infants with NIM-CMPA. The type of protein hydrolysate was found to determine gut microbiota colonization and influence food allergy resolution in NIM-CMPA cases.

Experiment 1

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Subjects

Location of subjects: Spain

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: infant with non-IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy non-tolerant to cow's milk protein

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: infant with non-IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy tolerant to cow's milk protein

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: infant with non-IgE mediated cow's milk allergy tolerant to cow's milk after a period of six months dairy-free diet

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 3

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 14

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): 4 weeks

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V3-V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).: relative abundances

Statistical test: Metastats

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05

MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: Yes

Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study: age

Signature 1

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Curator: Lucy Mellor

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Source: Table 1

Description: Significant differences in fecal microbial abundances (%) between tolerant and non-tolerant infants with non-IgE mediated cow’s milk protein allergy (NIM-CMPA) after a period with a diet free of cow’s milk protein (CMP)

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in infant with non-IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy tolerant to cow's milk protein

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Actinomycetota
Bifidobacteriaceae
Coriobacteriaceae
Bifidobacterium

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Experiment 2

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Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: healthy control

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: infant with non-IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: infant with cow's milk protein allergy confirmed by a negative skin prick test, values lower than 0.35 kU/L cow’s milk-specific IgE determined in their blood, and a clear positive standardized oral challenge (SOC), performed under medical supervision

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 10

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 17

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

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Source: Figure 2, text

Description: Differences in relative abundances (%) of sequences in fecal samples of infants with non-IgE mediated cow’s milk protein allergy (NIM-CMPA) and non-allergic control infants

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in infant with non-IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Coriobacteriaceae

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Signature 2

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Source: Figure 2

Description: Differences in relative abundances (%) of sequences in fecal samples of infants with non-IgE mediated cow’s milk protein allergy (NIM-CMPA) and non-allergic control infants

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in infant with non-IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Bacteroidota
Bacteroidaceae
Bacteroides

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks