The gut microbiome and inflammation in obsessive-compulsive disorder patients compared to age- and sex-matched controls: a pilot study

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Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI
Authors
Turna J, Grosman Kaplan K, Anglin R, Patterson B, Soreni N, Bercik P, Surette MG, Van Ameringen M
Journal
Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
Year
2020
Keywords:
OCD, anxiety, cytokine, gut microbiota, gut-brain axis, inflammation
OBJECTIVE: To compare the gut microbiome profile (by way of taxon analysis and indices of β- and α-diversity) and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6[IL-6] and tumour necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]) of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) outpatients and non-psychiatric community controls. METHODS: We collected morning stool and blood samples from 21 non-depressed, medication-free OCD patients and 22 age- and sex-matched non-psychiatric community controls. Microbiota analysis was performed using Illumina sequencing of the V3 region of 16S rRNA; serum CRP samples were analysed using immunoturbidimetry and plasma IL-6/TNF-α were examined by high-sensitivity ELISA. Multiple comparisons were corrected for using the false discovery rate (α = 0.05). RESULTS: Compared to controls, the OCD group presented lower species richness/evenness (α-diversity, Inverse Simpson) and lower relative abundance of three butyrate producing genera (Oscillospira, Odoribacter and Anaerostipes). Compared to controls, mean CRP, but not IL-6 and TNF-α, was elevated OCD patients. CRP revealed moderate to strong associations with psychiatric symptomatology. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first investigation of the gut microbiome in OCD. In addition, our findings lend further support for the potential association of inflammation and OCD. These results suggest the gut microbiome may be a potential pathway of interest for future OCD research.

Experiment 1


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Fatima on 2021/04/28

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

Revision editor(s): Fatima, WikiWorks, Victoria

Subjects

Location of subjects
Canada
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
Homo sapiens
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Obsessive-compulsive disorder Anancastic neurosis,obsessive compulsive disorder,obsessive-compulsive disorder,OCD,Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
healthy controls
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
OCD
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
non-depressed medication free individuals or individuals with mild depressive symptoms (MADRS score<16) with a primary DSM-5 diagnosis of OCD as per the MINI or at least moderate OCD (Y-BOCS score >= 20)
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
22
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
21
Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)
8 weeks

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
16S
16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
V3
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
centered log-ratio
Statistical test
ANCOM
Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
Yes
Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study
age, sex

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Inverse Simpson Modification of Simpsons index D as 1/D to obtain high values in datasets of high diversity and vice versa
decreased
Richness Number of species
unchanged

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Fatima on 2021/04/28

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Fatima Zohra

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Source: Figure 3

Description: Relative abundance of gut microbiome in OCD patients

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in OCD

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Oscillospira
Odoribacter
Anaerostipes

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks