Characterization of the Oral Microbiome of Medicated Type-2 Diabetes Patients

Study information

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Chloe on 2022/03/14

study design

case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

33613481

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.3389/fmicb.2021.610370

URI

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33613481/

Authors

Almeida-Santos A, Martins-Mendes D, Gayà-Vidal M, Pérez-Pardal L, Beja-Pereira A

Journal

Frontiers in microbiology

Year

2021

Keywords:

16S rRNA gene sequencing, Portugal, microbiota, next-generation sequencing, oral hygiene, type 2 diabetes mellitus

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that is becoming a significant global health care problem. Several studies have shown that people with diabetes are more susceptible to oral problems, such as periodontitis and, although the causes are still inconclusive, oral microbiota is considered to play a major role in oral health. This study aimed to characterize the oral microbiome of a sample representing T2DM patients from Portugal and exploit potential associations between some microorganisms and variables like teeth brushing, smoking habits, average blood sugar levels, medication and nutrient intake. By sequencing the hypervariable regions V3-V4 of the 16S rRNA gene in 50 individuals belonging to a group of diabetes patients and a control group, we found a total of 232 taxa, from which only 65% were shared between both groups. No differences were found in terms of alpha and beta diversity between categories. We did not find significant differences in the oral microbiome profiles of control and diabetes patients. Only the class Synergistia and the genus TG5, which are related to periodontitis, were statistically more frequent in the control group. The similar microbiome profiles of medicated diabetics and the control group indicates that the relationship between the T2DM and the oral microbiome might be more related to either the lifestyle/diet rather than diabetes per se. Moreover, this study provides, for the first time, insights into the oral microbiome of a population with a high prevalence of diabetes.

Experiment 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Chloe on 2022/03/14

Curated date: 2021/06/13

Curator: Madhubani Dey

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks, Chloe, Madhubani Dey, Peace Sandy

Subjects

Location of subjects: Portugal

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Saliva Sailva normalis,Saliva atomaris,Saliva molecularis,Salivary gland secretion,Saliva,saliva

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: Type II diabetes mellitus adult onset diabetes,Adult-Onset Diabetes,adult-onset diabetes,Adult-Onset Diabetes Mellitus,diabetes mellitis type 2,diabetes mellitis type II,DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 02,diabetes mellitus type 2,Diabetes Mellitus, Adult Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis Resistant,Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis-Resistant,Diabetes Mellitus, Maturity Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Maturity-Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Non Insulin Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin Dependent,diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Slow Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Slow-Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Stable,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2,diabetes mellitus, type 2,diabetes mellitus, type 2, protection against,Diabetes Mellitus, Type II,Diabetes, Type 2,diabetes, type 2,insulin resistance, susceptibility to,Ketosis-Resistant Diabetes Mellitus,Maturity Onset Diabetes Mellitus,maturity-onset diabetes,Maturity-Onset Diabetes Mellitus,MODY,NIDDM,Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes,non-insulin dependent diabetes,Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus,non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus,non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus,noninsulin dependent diabetes,noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus,Slow-Onset Diabetes Mellitus,Stable Diabetes Mellitus,T2DM - Type 2 Diabetes mellitus,T2DM - type 2 diabetes mellitus,Type 2 Diabetes,type 2 diabetes,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus,type 2 diabetes mellitus,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Non-Insulin Dependent,type 2 diabetes mellitus non-insulin dependent,Type II Diabetes,type II diabetes,type II diabetes mellitus,Type II diabetes mellitus

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: Healthy controls

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: Medicated Type II Diabetes individuals

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: Medicated Type II Diabetes individuals

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 24

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 22

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): 2 months

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V3-V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).: relative abundances

Statistical test: ANCOM; Mann-Whitney (Wilcoxon)

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05

MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: Yes

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: unchanged

Signature 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Chloe on 2022/03/14

Curated date: 2021/06/17

Curator: Madhubani Dey

Revision editor(s): Chloe, Madhubani Dey, Merit

Source: Supplementary Table 6

Description: Decreased abundance of microbes in individuals with medicated Type 2 Diabetes (Mann-Whitney's U results)

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Medicated Type II Diabetes individuals

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Synergistia
Synergistaceae
Synergistales
unclassified Synergistaceae

Revision editor(s): Chloe, Madhubani Dey, Merit

Signature 2

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Chloe on 2022/03/14

Curated date: 2022/03/14

Curator: Chloe

Revision editor(s): Chloe, Merit

Source: Table S6

Description: Decreased abundance of microbes in individuals with medicated Type 2 Diabetes (ANCOM results)

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Medicated Type II Diabetes individuals

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Synergistaceae
Synergistales
Synergistia
unclassified Synergistaceae

Revision editor(s): Chloe, Merit