The Association Between Gestational Diabetes and Microbiota in Placenta and Cord Blood

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Peace Sandy on 2024-1-12
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
Authors
Tang N, Luo ZC, Zhang L, Zheng T, Fan P, Tao Y, Ouyang F
Journal
Frontiers in endocrinology
Year
2020
Keywords:
China, cord blood, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), microbiota, placenta
Objective: Early life is a critical period for gut microbial development. It is still controversial whether there is placental microbiota during a healthy pregnancy. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome in the offspring, and the mechanisms are unclear. We sought to explore whether microbiota in placenta and cord blood may be altered in GDM. Methods: Placenta and cord blood samples were collected from eight GDM and seven euglycemic (control) term pregnancies in cesarean deliveries without evidence of clinical infections. The Illumina MiSeq Sequencing System was used to detect the microbiota based on the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Results: The microbiota were detectable in all placental samples. Comparing GDM vs. controls, there were more operational taxonomic units (OTUs) (mean ± SE = 373.63 ± 14.61 vs. 332.43 ± 9.92, P = 0.024) and higher ACE index (395.15 ± 10.56 vs. 356.27 ± 8.47, P = 0.029) and Chao index (397.67 ± 10.24 vs. 361.32 ± 8.87, P = 0.04). The placental microbiota was mainly composed of four phyla: Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria at the phylum level and 10 dominant genera at the genus level in both GDM and controls. Despite the dominant similarity in microbiota composition, at the OTU level, the abundance of Ruminococcus, Coprococcus, Paraprevotella, and Lactobacillus were higher, whereas Veillonella was lower in the placentas of GDM vs. controls. The microbiota was detected in one of the 15 cord blood samples, and its components were similar as to the corresponding placental microbiota at both phylum and genus levels suggesting placental microbiota as the potential source. Conclusions: The most abundant phyla and genus of placental microbiota were similar in GDM and euglycemic pregnancies, but GDM was associated with higher diversity of placental microbiota. Further study is needed to confirm the existence of microbiota in cord blood in pregnancies without clinical infection.

Experiment 1


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Peace Sandy on 2024-1-12

Curated date: 2021/06/14

Curator: Madhubani Dey

Revision editor(s): Madhubani Dey, WikiWorks, Peace Sandy

Subjects

Location of subjects
China
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
Homo sapiens
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Placenta Allantoic placenta,Eutherian placenta,Placenta,placenta
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Gestational diabetes diabetes in pregnancy,GDM,gestational diabetes,gestational diabetes mellitus,maternal gestational diabetes mellitus,Gestational diabetes
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
euglycemic (control) singleton pregnant women
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
Pregnant women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Pregnant women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) who had prenatal care at Xinhua Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Shanghai, and were admitted to the hospital for cesarean deliveries
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
7
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
8
Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)
Women who were treated with any antibiotics during pregnancy

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
16S
16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
V3-V4
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
relative abundances
Statistical test
Mann-Whitney (Wilcoxon)
Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
No

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
increased
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
increased
Richness Number of species
increased

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Peace Sandy on 2024-1-12

Curated date: 2021/06/14

Curator: Madhubani Dey

Revision editor(s): Madhubani Dey, Peace Sandy

Source: Table 3

Description: Table 3: Relative abundances (%) of placental microbiota OTUs that differed between eight women with GDM and seven women without GDM (non-GDM).

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Pregnant women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Anaerotruncus
Coprococcus
Defluviitaleaceae
Dorea
Paraprevotella
Prevotella
Ruminococcus
unclassified Lachnospiraceae
uncultured Lachnospiraceae bacterium

Revision editor(s): Madhubani Dey, Peace Sandy

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Peace Sandy on 2024-1-12

Curated date: 2021/06/14

Curator: Madhubani Dey

Revision editor(s): Madhubani Dey, Peace Sandy

Source: Table 3

Description: Table 3: Relative abundances (%) of placental microbiota OTUs that differed between eight women with GDM and seven women without GDM (non-GDM).

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Pregnant women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Veillonella

Revision editor(s): Madhubani Dey, Peace Sandy