Increase in fecal primary bile acids and dysbiosis in patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome

Study information

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study design

case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

22356587

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1111/j.1365-2982.2012.01893.x

URI

Authors

Duboc H, Rainteau D, Rajca S, Humbert L, Farabos D, Maubert M, Grondin V, Jouet P, Bouhassira D, Seksik P, Sokol H, Coffin B, Sabaté JM

Journal

Neurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society

Year

2012

BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a multifactorial disease for which a dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been described. Bile acids (BA) could play a role as they are endogenous laxatives and are metabolized by gut microbiota. We compared fecal BA profiles and microbiota in healthy subjects (HS) and patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D), and we searched for an association with symptoms. METHODS: Clinical features and stool samples were collected in IBS-D patients and HS. Fecal BA profiles were generated using HPLC coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. The fecal microbiota composition was assessed by q-PCR targeting dominant bacterial groups and species implicated in BA transformation. KEY RESULTS: Fourteen IBS-D patients and 18 HS were included. The two groups were comparable in terms of age and sex. The percentage of fecal primary BA was significantly higher in IBS-D patients than in HS, and it was significantly correlated with stool consistency and frequency. Fecal counts of all bacteria, lactobacillus, coccoides, leptum and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were similar. There was a significant increase of Escherichia coli and a significant decrease of leptum and bifidobacterium in IBS-D patients. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES: We report an increase of primary BA in the feces of IBS-D patients compared to HS, correlated with stool consistency and frequency. A dysbiosis of different bacterial groups was detected, some of them involved in BA transformation. As the gut microbiota is the exclusive pathway to transform primary into secondary BA, this suggests a functional consequence of dysbiosis, leading to lower BA transformation.

Experiment 1

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Subjects

Location of subjects: France

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: Irritable bowel syndrome [X]Psychogenic IBS,Adaptive colitis,Colitides, Mucous,Colitis, Mucous,Colon spasm,Colon, Irritable,Functional bowel disease,IBD,IBS,IBS - Irritable bowel syndrome,IC - Irritable colon,Irritable bowel,Irritable bowel - IBS,irritable bowel syndrome,Irritable Bowel Syndromes,Irritable Colon,irritable colon,Irritable colon (disorder),Irritable colon - Irritable bowel syndrome,Irritable colon syndrome,Membranous colitis,Mucous Colitides,Mucous colitis,mucus colitis,Nervous colitis,Psychogenic IBS,psychogenic IBS,Spastic colitis,Spastic colon,spastic colon,Syndrome, Irritable Bowel,Syndromes, Irritable Bowel,Irritable bowel syndrome

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: Healthy Control

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: IBS-D

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: The diagnosis of IBS-D was defined by the Rome 3 criteria

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 18

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 14

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): 3 months

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: Not specified

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: RT-qPCR

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).: relative abundances

Statistical test: Mann-Whitney (Wilcoxon); T-Test

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05

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Source: Figure 3

Description: Comparison of fecal counts (A) in all bacteria, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, lactobacillus and bifidobacterium and (B) of the main fecal bacterial groups that transform bile acid (coccoides, bacteroides, Escherichia coli, and leptum) in feces of healthy subjects (white bar) and diarrhea predominant IBS patients (gray bar) by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. All results are expressed in log10 bacteria per gram of stool.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in IBS-D

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Escherichia coli

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Source: Figure 3

Description: Comparison of fecal counts (A) in all bacteria, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, lactobacillus and bifidobacterium and (B) of the main fecal bacterial groups that transform bile acid (coccoides, bacteroides, Escherichia coli, and leptum) in feces of healthy subjects (white bar) and diarrhea predominant IBS patients (gray bar) by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. All results are expressed in log10 bacteria per gram of stool.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in IBS-D

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Bifidobacterium

Revision editor(s): Kwekuamoo, Aiyshaaaa