Fiber-Mediated Nourishment of Gut Microbiota Protects against Diet-Induced Obesity by Restoring IL-22-Mediated Colonic Health

From BugSigDB
Needs review
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
Authors
Zou J, Chassaing B, Singh V, Pellizzon M, Ricci M, Fythe MD, Kumar MV, Gewirtz AT
Journal
Cell host & microbe
Year
2018
Keywords:
germ-free mice, intestinal inflammation, metabolic syndrome, microbiota encroachment, short-chain fatty acids
Dietary supplementation with fermentable fiber suppresses adiposity and the associated parameters of metabolic syndrome. Microbiota-generated fiber-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and free fatty acid receptors including GPR43 are thought to mediate these effects. We find that while fermentable (inulin), but not insoluble (cellulose), fiber markedly protected mice against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic syndrome, the effect was not significantly impaired by either inhibiting SCFA production or genetic ablation of GPR43. Rather, HFD decimates gut microbiota, resulting in loss of enterocyte proliferation, leading to microbiota encroachment, low-grade inflammation (LGI), and metabolic syndrome. Enriching HFD with inulin restored microbiota loads, interleukin-22 (IL-22) production, enterocyte proliferation, and antimicrobial gene expression in a microbiota-dependent manner, as assessed by antibiotic and germ-free approaches. Inulin-induced IL-22 expression, which required innate lymphoid cells, prevented microbiota encroachment and protected against LGI and metabolic syndrome. Thus, fermentable fiber protects against metabolic syndrome by nourishing microbiota to restore IL-22-mediated enterocyte function.

Experiment 1


Needs review

Curated date: 2021/10/06

Curator: Lorakasselman

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks, LGeistlinger, Lorakasselman, Atrayees, Aiyshaaaa

Subjects

Location of subjects
United States of America
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable)
Mus musculus
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
high fat diet HF - High fat diet,High fat diet (finding),high fat diet
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
low fiber
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
high fiber
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Mice fed high-fat diet with 50g cellulose (vs. high-fat diet with 200g inulin for high fiber group)
Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)
None

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
16S
16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
V4
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
relative abundances
Statistical test
LEfSe
Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
No


Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2021/10/06

Curator: Lorakasselman

Revision editor(s): Lorakasselman, Aiyshaaaa, Merit

Source: Figure S3D

Description: Taxonomic cladogram obtained from LEfSe analysis of 16S sequences by comparing HFD enrichment of inulin with standard HFD (50g cellulose)

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in high fiber

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bacillales
Bacteroidaceae
Bacteroides
Clostridia
Clostridiaceae
Clostridium
Dehalobacterium
Enterococcaceae
Enterococcus
Lactobacillales
Lactobacillus
Lactococcus
Streptococcaceae
Streptococcus

Revision editor(s): Lorakasselman, Aiyshaaaa, Merit

Signature 2

Needs review

Curated date: 2021/10/07

Curator: Chloe

Revision editor(s): Chloe, Lorakasselman, Aiyshaaaa

Source: Figure S3D

Description: Taxonomic cladogram obtained from LEfSe analysis of 16S sequences by comparing HFD enrichment of Inulin with standard HFD

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in high fiber

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bifidobacteriaceae
Bifidobacteriales
Bifidobacterium
Coriobacteriaceae
Coriobacteriales
Rikenellaceae

Revision editor(s): Chloe, Lorakasselman, Aiyshaaaa