Fiber-Mediated Nourishment of Gut Microbiota Protects against Diet-Induced Obesity by Restoring IL-22-Mediated Colonic Health

Study information

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study design

laboratory experiment

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

29276170

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1016/j.chom.2017.11.003

URI Uniform resource identifier for web resources.

Authors

Zou J, Chassaing B, Singh V, Pellizzon M, Ricci M, Fythe MD, Kumar MV, Gewirtz AT

Journal

Cell host & microbe

Year

2018

Dietary supplementation with fermentable fiber suppresses adiposity and the associated parameters of metabolic syndrome. Microbiota-generated fiber-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and free fatty acid receptors including GPR43 are thought to mediate these effects. We find that while fermentable (inulin), but not insoluble (cellulose), fiber markedly protected mice against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic syndrome, the effect was not significantly impaired by either inhibiting SCFA production or genetic ablation of GPR43. Rather, HFD decimates gut microbiota, resulting in loss of enterocyte proliferation, leading to microbiota encroachment, low-grade inflammation (LGI), and metabolic syndrome. Enriching HFD with inulin restored microbiota loads, interleukin-22 (IL-22) production, enterocyte proliferation, and antimicrobial gene expression in a microbiota-dependent manner, as assessed by antibiotic and germ-free approaches. Inulin-induced IL-22 expression, which required innate lymphoid cells, prevented microbiota encroachment and protected against LGI and metabolic syndrome. Thus, fermentable fiber protects against metabolic syndrome by nourishing microbiota to restore IL-22-mediated enterocyte function.

Experiment 1

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Curated date: 2021/10/06

Curator: Lorakasselman

Revision editor(s): LGeistlinger, Lorakasselman, WikiWorks

Subjects

Location of subjects: United States of America

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable): Mus musculus

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: high fat diet HF - High fat diet,High fat diet (finding),high fat diet

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: high fiber
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: low fiber
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: Mice fed high-fat diet with 50g cellulose (vs. high-fat diet with 200g inulin for high fiber group)
Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): None

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Statistical test: T-Test

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: No

Signature 1

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Curated date: 2021/10/06

Curator: Lorakasselman

Revision editor(s): Lorakasselman, Aiyshaaaa

Source: Figure S3D - related to figure 3. Extended analysis of HFD and its enrichment with cellulose or inulin impact microbiota composition

Description: Taxonomic cladogram obtained from LEfSe analysis of 16S sequences by comparing HFD enrichment of inulin with standard HFD (50g cellulose)

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in low fiber

NCBI	Links
Bacillales
Bacteroidaceae
Bacteroides
Clostridiaceae
Dehalobacterium
Enterococcaceae
Enterococcus
Lactobacillales
Lactococcus
Streptococcaceae
Streptococcus
dehalobacteriaceaedehalobacteriaceae
SMB53SMB53
Clostridium