Influence of Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Group B Streptococcus on Gut Microbiota in the First Month of Life

Study information

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Atrayees on 2023-7-10

study design

case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

26237371

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1097/MPG.0000000000000928

URI

https://journals.lww.com/jpgn/Fulltext/2016/02000/Influence_of_Intrapartum_Antibiotic_Prophylaxis.20.aspx

Authors

Corvaglia L, Tonti G, Martini S, Aceti A, Mazzola G, Aloisio I, Di Gioia D, Faldella G

Journal

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

Year

2016

OBJECTIVES: The effect of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) for group B Streptococcus (GBS) on bacterial colonization of the infant's gut has not been investigated extensively. We aimed to evaluate the effect of IAP on gut microbiota in healthy term infants, also exploring the influence of type of feeding. METHODS: Healthy term infants, whose mothers had been screened for GBS in late gestation, were divided into 2 groups: infants born to GBS-positive mothers who had received IAP versus controls. Neonatal fecal samples were collected at 7 and 30 days of life; DNA was extracted, and quantification of selected microbial groups (Lactobacillus spp, Bifidobacterium spp, and Bacteroides fragilis group) was performed by real-time PCR. RESULTS: A total of 84 infant-mother pairs were recruited. Bifidobacteria count was significantly lower in the IAP group at 7 days of life (median [interquartile range] 6.01 Log colony-forming unit per gram [5.51-6.98] vs 7.80 [6.61-8.26], P = 0.000). No differences in Bifidobacteria count at 30 days or in Lactobacilli and B fragilis counts at any time point were documented. Furthermore, at 7 days of life, infants who had not received IAP and were exclusively human milk-fed had higher counts of Bifidobacteria. Regardless of IAP treatment, infants fed exclusively human milk had higher Lactobacillus spp counts both at 7 and 30 days of life. CONCLUSIONS: IAP alters gut microflora by reducing the count of Bifidobacteria, which is further affected in infants receiving formula feeding. Whether these alterations could have long-term consequences on health and disease requires further investigation.

Experiment 1

Edit History Delete

Flag for review

Your review change was submittedDuplicate this Experiment Add a new Signature

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Atrayees on 2023-7-10

Curated date: 2021/11/19

Curator: Mmarin

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks, Mmarin, Atrayees, Peace Sandy, Davvve

Subjects

Location of subjects: Italy

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: Antimicrobial agent antibiotic,antibiotics,Antibiotika,Antibiotikum,antibiotique,antimicrobial,antimicrobial agents,microbicide,microbicides,Antimicrobial agent,antimicrobial agent

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: Control group (@7 days)

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: IAP group (@7 days)

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: infants born to GBS-positive mothers who had received IAP. According to the institutional treatment protocol for GBS prophylaxis (derived from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines (13)), intravenous ampicillin was given every 4 hours until delivery (first dose 2 g, following doses 1 g each).

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 49

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 35

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): The mother had received any antibiotic other than IAP in the 4 weeks before delivery, maternal IAP was performed with antibiotics other than ampicillin, such as erythromycin.

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: PCR

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: Not specified

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).: relative abundances