Decreased dietary fiber intake and structural alteration of gut microbiota in patients with advanced colorectal adenoma

Study information

Needs review Marked as Needs review by Fatima on 2022/07/3

study design

cross-sectional observational, not case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

23553152

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.3945/ajcn.112.046607

URI Uniform resource identifier for web resources.

Authors

Chen HM, Fang JY, Liu F, Yang L, Yu YN, Wang JL, Lin YW, Kong X, Yang CQ, Liu ZJ, Yuan YZ, Wu JX, Zhong L, Fang DC, Zou W, Fang JY

Journal

The American journal of clinical nutrition

Year

2013

Pages:

9

First page:

1044

Keywords:

colorectal cancer, colorectal adenoma, dietary fiber, short-chain fatty acids

Background: Accumulating evidence indicates that diet is one of the most important environmental factors involved in the progression from advanced colorectal adenoma (A-CRA) to colorectal cancer.

Objective: We evaluated the possible effects of dietary fiber on the fecal microbiota of patients with A-CRA.

Design: Patients with a diagnosis of A-CRA by pathological examination were enrolled in the A-CRA group. Patients with no obvious abnormalities or histopathological changes were enrolled in the healthy control (HC) group. Dietary fiber intake was assessed in all patients. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces were detected by gas chromatography. The fecal microbiota community was analyzed by 454 pyrosequencing based on 16S ribosomal RNA.

Results: Lower dietary fiber patterns and consistently lower SCFA production were observed in the A-CRA group (n = 344). Principal component analysis showed distinct differences in the fecal microbiota communities of the 2 groups. Clostridium, Roseburia, and Eubacterium spp. were significantly less prevalent in the A-CRA group (n = 47) than in the HC group (n = 47), whereas Enterococcus and Streptococcus spp. were more prevalent in the A-CRA group (n = 47) (all P < 0.05). Butyrate and butyrate-producing bacteria were more prevalent in a subgroup of HC subjects with a high fiber intake than in those in both the low-fiber HC subgroup and the high-fiber A-CRA subgroup (all P < 0.05).

Conclusion: A high-fiber dietary pattern and subsequent consistent production of SCFAs and healthy gut microbiota are associated with a reduced risk of A-CRA. This trial was registered at www.chictr.org as ChiCTR-TRC-00000123.

Experiment 1

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Curated date: 2022/05/31

Curator: Jeshudy

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks, Jeshudy

Subjects

Location of subjects: China

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable): Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Digestive system , Digestive tract , Lower digestive tract Alimentary system,Alimentary tract,Gastrointestinal system,Gut,Digestive system,Alimentary canal,Digestive canal,Digestive tube,Enteric tract,Gut tube,Digestive tract,Lower gastrointestinal tract,Lower GI tract,Lower digestive tract

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: dietary fiber intakedietary fiber intake

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: Healthy control group (HC)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: Advanced colorectal adenoma group (A-CRA)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: Patients with a diagnosis of A-CRA by pathological examination were enrolled in the A-CRA group.
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 47
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 47
Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): 6 months

None of the patients had received systemic or oral topical corticosteroids, antibiotics, aspirin, other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (16), or health products that regulate intestinal microbiota within 6 mo before enrollment

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V1-V3

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Roche454

Statistical Analysis

Statistical test: Mann-Whitney (Wilcoxon)

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05

Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study: age, sex

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness: unchanged