A lot of previous studies have recently reported that the gut microbiota influences the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Western countries, but the role of the gut microbiota in Chinese population must be investigated fully. The goal of this study was to determine the role of the gut microbiome in the initiation and development of CRC. We collected fecal samples of 206 Chinese individuals: 59 with polyp (group P), 54 with adenoma (group A), 51 with colorectal cancer (group CC), and 42 healthy controls (group HC).16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) was used to compare the microbiota community structures among healthy controls, patients with polyp, and those with adenoma or colorectal cancer. Our study proved that intestinal flora, as a specific indicator, showed significant differences in its diversity and composition. Sobs, Chao, and Ace indexes of group CC were significantly lower than those of the healthy control group (CC group: Sobs, Chao, and Ace indexes were 217.3 ± 69, 4265.1 ± 80.7, and 268.6 ± 78.1, respectively; HC group: Sobs, Chao, and Ace indexes were 228.8 ± 44.4, 272.9 ± 58.6, and 271.9 ± 57.2, respectively). When compared with the healthy individuals, the species richness and diversity of intestinal flora in patients with colorectal cancer were significantly reduced: PCA and PCoA both revealed that a significant separation in bacterial community composition between the CC group and HC group (with PCA using the first two principal component scores of PC1 14.73% and PC2 10.34% of the explained variance, respectively; PCoA : PC1 = 14%, PC2 = 9%, PC3 = 6%). Wilcox tests was used to analyze differences between the two groups, it reveals that Firmicutes (P=0.000356), Fusobacteria (P=0.000001), Proteobacteria (P=0.000796), Spirochaetes (P=0.013421), Synergistetes (P=0.005642) were phyla with significantly different distributions between cases and controls. The proportion of microorganism composition is varying at different stages of colon cancer development: Bacteroidetes (52.14%) and Firmicutes (35.88%) were enriched in the healthy individuals; on the phylum level, the abundance of Bacteroidetes (52.14%-53.92%-52.46%-47.06%) and Firmicutes (35.88%-29.73%-24.27%-25.36%) is decreasing with the development of health-polyp-adenomas-CRC, and the abundance of Proteobacteria (9.33%-12.31%-16.51%-22.37%) is increasing. PCA and PCOA analysis showed there was no significant (P < 0.05) difference in species similarity between precancerous and carcinogenic states. However, the composition of the microflora in patients with precancerous lesions (including patients with adenoma and polyp) was proved to have no significant disparity (P < 0.05). Our study provides insights into new angles to dig out potential biomarkers in diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer and to provide scientific advice for a healthy lifestyle for the sake of gut microbiota.
Experiment 1
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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Fatima on 2022/03/14
Subjects
- Location of subjects
- China
- Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
- Homo sapiens
- Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
- Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Healthy Controls (HC)
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Colorectal Cancer (CC)
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Patients who visited the department of gastroenterology of Tianyou hospital of Wuhan from January 2017 to December 2017 and received colonoscopy and histopathological examination were recruited to the study. Patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma were recorded as the colorectal cancer (CC) group.
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 42
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 51
- Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)
- 2 months
Lab analysis
- Sequencing type
- 16S
- 16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
- V4-V4
- Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
- Illumina
Statistical Analysis
- Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
- relative abundances
- Statistical test
- Mann-Whitney (Wilcoxon)
- Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
- 0.05
- MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
- No
Alpha Diversity
- Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
- decreased
- Richness Number of species
- decreased
Signature 1
Source: Table 4
Description: Difference analysis at the phylum level between Colorectal Cancer and Healthy Controls. Wilcoxon tests were used to analyze differences in the abundance between the two groups. Significant differences were evaluated by False Discovery Rate.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance
in
Colorectal Cancer (CC)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|
| Fusobacteriota | | |
| Pseudomonadota | | |
| Spirochaetota | | |
| Synergistota | | |
Revision editor(s): Itslanapark,
WikiWorks
Signature 2
Source: Table 4
Description: Difference analysis at the phylum level between Colorectal Cancer and Healthy Controls. Wilcoxon tests were used to analyze differences in the abundance between the two groups. Significant differences were evaluated by False Discovery Rate.
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance
in
Colorectal Cancer (CC)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|
| Bacillota | | |
Revision editor(s): Itslanapark,
WikiWorks
