The Association Between Smoking and Gut Microbiome in Bangladesh

Study information

Needs review

study design

cross-sectional observational, not case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

31794002

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1093/ntr/ntz220

URI Uniform resource identifier for web resources.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7364824/pdf/ntz220.pdf

Authors

Nolan-Kenney R, Wu F, Hu J, Yang L, Kelly D, Li H, Jasmine F, Kibriya MG, Parvez F, Shaheen I, Sarwar G, Ahmed A, Eunus M, Islam T, Pei Z, Ahsan H, Chen Y

Journal

Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco

Year

2020

INTRODUCTION: Epidemiological studies that investigate alterations in the gut microbial composition associated with smoking are lacking. This study examined the composition of the gut microbiome in smokers compared with nonsmokers. AIMS AND METHODS: Stool samples were collected in a cross-sectional study of 249 participants selected from the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study in Bangladesh. Microbial DNA was extracted from the fecal samples and sequenced by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The associations of smoking status and intensity of smoking with the relative abundance or the absence and presence of individual bacterial taxon from phylum to genus levels were examined. RESULTS: The relative abundance of bacterial taxa along the Erysipelotrichi-to-Catenibacterium lineage was significantly higher in current smokers compared to never-smokers. The odds ratio comparing the mean relative abundance in current smokers with that in never-smokers was 1.91 (95% confidence interval = 1.36-2.69) for the genus Catenibacterium and 1.89 (95% confidence interval = 1.39-2.56) for the family Erysipelotrichaceae, the order Erysipelotrichale, and the class Erysipelotrichi (false discovery rate-adjusted p values = .0008-.01). A dose-response association was observed for each of these bacterial taxa. The presence of Alphaproteobacteria was significantly greater comparing current with never-smokers (odds ratio = 4.85, false discovery rate-adjusted p values = .04). CONCLUSIONS: Our data in a Bangladeshi population are consistent with evidence of an association between smoking status and dosage with change in the gut bacterial composition. IMPLICATIONS: This study for the first time examined the relationship between smoking and the gut microbiome composition. The data suggest that smoking status may play an important role in the composition of the gut microbiome, especially among individuals with higher levels of tobacco exposure.

Experiment 1

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Needs review

Curated date: 2022/01/04

Curator: Joyessa

Revision editor(s): Joyessa

Subjects

Location of subjects: Bangladesh

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable): Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Pair of lungs Lungs,Lungs pair,Pulmones,Set of lungs,Pair of lungs

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: nicotine dependence , smoking behavior cigarette habituation, susceptibility to,Cigarette Smoking,Dependence, Nicotine,Dependence, Tobacco,Disorder, Nicotine Use,Disorder, Tobacco Use,Disorder, Tobacco-Use,Nicotine Addiction,nicotine addiction,nicotine addiction, susceptibility to,nicotine dependence,nicotine dependence, susceptibility to,NICOTINE USE DIS,Nicotine Use Disorder,Nicotine Use Disorders,smoking,smoking habit, susceptibility to,Smoking, Cigarette,Smoking, Tobacco,Smokings, Tobacco,susceptibility to tobacco addiction,tobacco addiction, susceptibility to,Tobacco Dependence,Tobacco Dependences,Tobacco Smoking,Tobacco Smokings,TOBACCO USE DIS,Tobacco Use Disorder,tobacco use disorder,Tobacco Use Disorders,Tobacco-Use Disorder,Use Disorder, Nicotine,smoking behavior

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: Non smoker
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: Current Smoker
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: The relative abundance of bacterial taxa along the Erysipelotrichi-to-Catenibacterium lineage was significantly higher in current smokers compared to never-smokers.
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 151
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 62
Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): 1 month.

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V3-V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Statistical test: Logistic Regression; Beta Binomial Regression; Chi-Square

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: Yes

Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study: age, body mass index, sex

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness: unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness: unchanged