The Bacterial Gut Microbiota of Schoolchildren from High and Low Socioeconomic Status: A Study in an Urban Area of Makassar, Indonesia

Study information

Needs review

study design

cross-sectional observational, not case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

32604882

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.3390/microorganisms8060961

URI Uniform resource identifier for web resources.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32604882/

Authors

Amaruddin AI, Hamid F, Koopman JPR, Muhammad M, Brienen EA, van Lieshout L, Geelen AR, Wahyuni S, Kuijper EJ, Sartono E, Yazdanbakhsh M, Zwittink RD

Journal

Microorganisms

Year

2020

To understand the relationship between the gut microbiota and the health profile of Indonesians, it is important to elucidate the characteristics of the bacterial communities that prevail in this population. To this end, we profiled the faecal bacterial community of 140 Indonesian schoolchildren in urban Makassar. The core microbiota of Indonesian schoolchildren consisted of Bifidobacterium, Collinsella, and multiple members of the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminicoccaceae families, but the relative abundance of these taxa varied greatly among children. Socioeconomic status (SES) was the main driver for differences in microbiota composition. Multiple bacterial genera were differentially abundant between high and low SES children, including Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Prevotella, and Escherichia-Shigella. In addition, the microbiota of high SES children was less diverse and strongly associated with body mass index (BMI). In low SES children, helminth infection was prevalent and positively associated with Olsenella, Enterohabdus, Lactobacillus, and Mogibacterium abundance, while negatively associated with relative abundance of Prevotella. Protozoa infection was also prevalent, and positively associated with Rikenellaceae, while it was negatively associated with the relative abundance of Romboutsia and Prevotella. In conclusion, Indonesian schoolchildren living in urban Makassar share a core microbiota, but their microbiota varies in diversity and relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa depending on socioeconomic status, nutritional status, and intestinal parasites infection.

Experiment 1

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Curated date: 2022/07/05

Curator: Kaluifeanyi101

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Subjects

Location of subjects: Indonesia

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable): Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: socioeconomic statussocioeconomic status

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: 74 children of high SES
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: 66 children of low SES
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: 66 School children whose parents are low-educated and work in low-skilled labor jobs.
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 74
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 66
Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): NA

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V3-V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Statistical test: PERMANOVA

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): .05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: Yes

Confounders controlled for Confounding factors that have been accounted for by stratification or model adjustment: age, body mass index, diet, sex

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: increased
Richness Number of species: unchanged

Signature 1

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Source: Table 3; Figure 1C.

Description: Table 3. The ten most abundant bacterial taxa in all, high SES, and low SES children.

Figure 1C. Differential abundance of bacterial taxa between high and low SES children. Taxa with Benjamini–Hochberg corrected p-value below 0.05 are shown.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in 66 children of low SES

NCBI	Links
Prevotella
Catenibacterium
Faecalibacterium
Holdemanella ⚠
Subdoligranulum
Escherichia
Shigella

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Signature 2

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Source: Table 3; Figure 1C.

Description: Table 3. The ten most abundant bacterial taxa in all, high SES, and low SES children.

Figure 1C. Differential abundance of bacterial taxa between high and low SES children. Taxa with Benjamini–Hochberg corrected p-value below 0.05 are shown.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in 66 children of low SES

NCBI	Links
Collinsella
Bifidobacterium
Blautia
Olsenella

Revision editor(s): Kaluifeanyi101