Association Between Oral Microbiota and Cigarette Smoking in the Chinese Population

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Needs review
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI Uniform resource identifier for web resources.
Authors
Jia YJ, Liao Y, He YQ, Zheng MQ, Tong XT, Xue WQ, Zhang JB, Yuan LL, Zhang WL, Jia WH
Journal
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Year
2021
The oral microbiota has been observed to be influenced by cigarette smoking and linked to several human diseases. However, research on the effect of cigarette smoking on the oral microbiota has not been systematically conducted in the Chinese population. We profiled the oral microbiota of 316 healthy subjects in the Chinese population by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The alpha diversity of oral microbiota was different between never smokers and smokers (P = 0.002). Several bacterial taxa were first reported to be associated with cigarette smoking by LEfSe analysis, including Moryella (q = 1.56E-04), Bulleidia (q = 1.65E-06), and Moraxella (q = 3.52E-02) at the genus level and Rothia dentocariosa (q = 1.55E-02), Prevotella melaninogenica (q = 8.48E-08), Prevotella pallens (q = 4.13E-03), Bulleidia moorei (q = 1.79E-06), Rothia aeria (q = 3.83E-06), Actinobacillus parahaemolyticus (q = 2.28E-04), and Haemophilus parainfluenzae (q = 4.82E-02) at the species level. Two nitrite-producing bacteria that can increase the acidity of the oral cavity, Actinomyces and Veillonella, were also enriched in smokers with FDR-adjusted q-values of 3.62E-06 and 1.10E-06, respectively. Notably, we observed that two acid production-related pathways, amino acid-related enzymes (q = 6.19E-05) and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism (q = 2.63E-06), were increased in smokers by PICRUSt analysis. Finally, the co-occurrence analysis demonstrated that smoker-enriched bacteria were significantly positively associated with each other and were negatively correlated with the bacteria decreased in smokers. Our results suggested that cigarette smoking may affect oral health by creating a different environment by altering bacterial abundance, connections among oral microbiota, and the microbiota and their metabolic function.

Experiment 1


Needs review

Curated date: 2023/04/15

Curator: Atrayees

Revision editor(s): Atrayees

Subjects

Location of subjects
China
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable)
Homo sapiens
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Saliva Sailva normalis,Saliva atomaris,Saliva molecularis,Salivary gland secretion,Saliva
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
smoking behavior smoking,smoking behavior
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
Never smokers
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
Smokers
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Subjects who smoked at least one cigarette every one to three days in the past year, or who smoked at least one cigarette every one to three days but had quit smoking for at least a year.
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
150
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
166

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
16S
16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
V4
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Statistical test
LEfSe
Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
Yes
LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool
2.0
Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study
age, sex

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
increased

Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2023/04/15

Curator: Atrayees

Revision editor(s): Atrayees

Source: Figure 2, text

Description: Relatively abundant genera and species.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Smokers

NCBI Links
Actinomyces
Atopobium
Bulleidia
Campylobacter
Megasphaera
Moryella
Oribacterium
Prevotella
Veillonella
Rothia dentocariosa
Prevotella pallens
Prevotella melaninogenica
Veillonella dispar
Solobacterium moorei

Revision editor(s): Atrayees

Signature 2

Needs review

Curated date: 2023/04/15

Curator: Atrayees

Revision editor(s): Atrayees

Source: text, Figure 2

Description: Relatively abundant genera and species.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Smokers

NCBI Links
Aggregatibacter
Cardiobacterium
Eikenella
Haemophilus
Kingella
Lautropia
Moraxella
Neisseria
Neisseria oralis
Neisseria subflava
Peptococcus
Rothia aeria
Actinobacillus parahaemolyticusActinobacillus parahaemolyticus
Haemophilus parainfluenzae

Revision editor(s): Atrayees