Analysis of subgingival microbiome of periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis in Chinese: A case-control study

Study information

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study design

case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

32565704

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.04.040

URI

Authors

Liu X, Tian K, Ma X, Wang S, Luo C, Du Q

Journal

Saudi journal of biological sciences

Year

2020

Keywords:

Microbial diversity, Microbiome, Periodontitis, Rheumatoid arthritis, Spirochaetes

OBJECTIVE: Periodontitis (PD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) share similar pathogenesis. Evidences indicated that oral bacteria play an important role in the etiology of both diseases. For example, Porphyromonas gingvialis connect the two diseases through immune responses. We designed this study to compare bacterial diversity in RA, PD and healthy subjects and to investigate whether there are other oral bacteria play an potential role in linking the two diseases. METHODS: This study included 3 groups of Chinese participants who visited Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital during August 2018 and March 2019. Subgingival plaques were collected from RA group (n = 54), PD group (n = 45) and normal group (n = 44). Illumina MiSeq was used to compare the composition of subgingival microbiota and analyze correlations between oral bacteria and both diseases. RESULTS: Alpha diversity Analysis reflected similar microbiome profile in RA, PD and healthy groups. But we found Treponema was significantly more abundant in the PD and RA groups than healthy group at each taxonomic level from the phylum down to the genus level. Porphyromonas, Prevotella, and Veilonella were significantly more abundant in RA while Streptococcus, Gemella, Planobacterium were verified the opposite results. CONCLUSIONS: We found no significant group differences referent to either microbial diversity or richness. But we picked out Spirochaetes which may link the two diseases. Upper/lower regulation of some microbia in RA may remind us a direction to explore the role they play in pathogenesis.

Experiment 1

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Subjects

Location of subjects: China

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Supragingival dental plaque Supragingival plaque,Supragingival dental plaque,supragingival dental plaque

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: healthy controls

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: rheumatoid arthritis patients

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: rheumatoid arthritis patients RA

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 44

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 54

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): Three months

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).: relative abundances

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: increased

Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness: unchanged

Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness: unchanged

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Source: Figure 5, 6, 7

Description: Different relative abundance of bacterial taxonomy profiles of RA, PD and control group

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in rheumatoid arthritis patients

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Bacteroidia
Spirochaetaceae
Spirochaetales
Spirochaetia
Treponema
Porphyromonas
Prevotella

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Source: Figure 6, 7

Description: The profile of periodontal pathogens in RA and PE groups compared with controls (*P < 0.05).

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in rheumatoid arthritis patients

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Streptococcus
Tannerella

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Experiment 2

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Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Subgingival dental plaque Subgingival plaque,Subgingival dental plaque,subgingival dental plaque

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: PeriodontitisPeriodontitis

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: rheumatoid arthritis patients

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: periodontal disease patients

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: periodontal disease patients PA