Oral health and plaque microbial profile in juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Study information

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Atrayees on 2023-7-24

study design

case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

31842923

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1186/s12969-019-0387-5

URI

Authors

Grevich S, Lee P, Leroux B, Ringold S, Darveau R, Henstorf G, Berg J, Kim A, Velan E, Kelly J, Baltuck C, Reeves A, Leahey H, Hager K, Brittnacher M, Hayden H, Miller S, McLean J, Stevens A

Journal

Pediatric rheumatology online journal

Year

2019

Keywords:

Gingivitis, Juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Microbiota, Oral health

BACKGROUND: The oral microbiota has been implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis through activation of mucosal immunity. This study tested for associations between oral health, microbial communities and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). METHODS: A cross-sectional exploratory study of subjects aged 10-18 years with oligoarticular, extended oligoarticular and polyarticular JIA was conducted. Control groups included pediatric dental clinic patients and healthy volunteers. The primary aim was to test for an association between dental health indices and JIA; the secondary aim was to characterize the microbial profile of supragingival plaque using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS: The study included 85 patients with JIA, 62 dental patients and 11 healthy child controls. JIA patients overall had significantly more gingival inflammation compared to dental patients, as evidenced by bleeding on probing of the gingiva, the most specific sign of active inflammation (p = 0.02). Overall, however, there was a trend towards better dental hygiene in the JIA patients compared to dental patients, based on indices for plaque, decay, and periodontitis. In the JIA patients, plaque microbiota analysis revealed bacteria belonging to genera Haemophilus or Kingella elevated, and Corynebacterium underrepresented. In poly JIA, bacteria belonging to the genus Porphyromonas was overrepresented and Prevotella was underrepresented. CONCLUSION: Increased gingival inflammation in JIA was independent of general oral health, and thus cannot be attributed to poor dental hygiene secondary to disability. The variation of microbial profile in JIA patients could indicate a possible link between gingivitis and synovial inflammation.

Experiment 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Atrayees on 2023-7-24

Curated date: 2022/11/10

Curator: Tislam

Revision editor(s): Tislam, WikiWorks, Atrayees

Subjects

Location of subjects: United States of America

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable): Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Subgingival dental plaque Subgingival plaque,Subgingival dental plaque

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: arthritis arthritic joint disease,arthritides,arthritis,inflammation of skeletal joint,inflammatory disorder of joint,skeletal joint inflammation

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: healthy controls
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 11
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 85
Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): 3 months

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Statistical test: LEfSe

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): .05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: No
LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool: 2

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness: unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness: unchanged
Inverse Simpson Modification of Simpsons index D as 1/D to obtain high values in datasets of high diversity and vice versa: unchanged

Signature 1

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Curated date: 2022/11/10

Curator: Tislam

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Source: Figure 2, text

Description: c Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) through the LefSe tool. Enriched microbial communities between the two groups with a two log-fold difference or greater are shown in the LEfSe plot. d Bacteria genera found to be significantly different between the polyarticular JIA and healthy control groups.*p-value < 0.05

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Actinomyces
Corynebacterium
Leptotrichia
Actinomycetaceae

Revision editor(s): Tislam

Signature 2

Edit History Delete

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Atrayees on 2023-7-24

Curated date: 2022/11/10

Curator: Tislam

Revision editor(s): Tislam, Atrayees

Source: Figure 2, text

Description: c Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) through the LefSe tool. Enriched microbial communities between the two groups with a two log-fold difference or greater are shown in the LEfSe plot. d Bacteria genera found to be significantly different between the polyarticular JIA and healthy control groups.*p-value < 0.05

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Streptococcus
Haemophilus parainfluenzae
Leptotrichia
Haemophilus
Kingella

Revision editor(s): Tislam, Atrayees