Gut Microbiota and Predicted Metabolic Pathways in a Sample of Mexican Women Affected by Obesity and Obesity Plus Metabolic Syndrome

Study information

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09

study design

cross-sectional observational, not case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

30669548

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.3390/ijms20020438

URI

Authors

Chávez-Carbajal A, Nirmalkar K, Pérez-Lizaur A, Hernández-Quiroz F, Ramírez-Del-Alto S, García-Mena J, Hernández-Guerrero C

Journal

International journal of molecular sciences

Year

2019

Keywords:

16S rDNA, Mexican women, gut microbiota, high-throughput DNA sequencing, ion torrent, metabolic syndrome, obesity

Obesity is an excessive fat accumulation that could lead to complications like metabolic syndrome. There are reports on gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome in relation to dietary, host genetics, and other environmental factors; however, it is necessary to explore the role of the gut microbiota metabolic pathways in populations like Mexicans, where the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome is high. This study identify alterations of the gut microbiota in a sample of healthy Mexican women (CO), women with obesity (OB), and women with obesity plus metabolic syndrome (OMS). We studied 67 women, characterizing their anthropometric and biochemical parameters along with their gut bacterial diversity by high-throughput DNA sequencing. Our results indicate that in OB or OMS women, Firmicutes was the most abundant bacterial phylum. We observed significant changes in abundances of bacteria belonging to the Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae families and significant enrichment of gut bacteria from 16 different taxa that might explain the observed metabolic alterations between the groups. Finally, the predicted functional metagenome of the gut microbiota found in each category shows differences in metabolic pathways related to lipid metabolism. We demonstrate that Mexican women have a particular bacterial gut microbiota characteristic of each phenotype. There are bacteria that potentially explain the observed metabolic differences between the groups, and gut bacteria in OMS and OB conditions carry more genes of metabolic pathways implicated in lipid metabolism.

Experiment 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks, Victoria

Subjects

Location of subjects: Mexico

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: Obesity Adiposis,Adiposity,Obese,Obese (finding),obesity,Obesity (disorder),Obesity [Ambiguous],obesity disease,obesity disorder,Obesity NOS,Obesity, unspecified,Overweight and obesity,Obesity

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: normal weight

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: obese

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: the guidelines from the American Heart Association was used to diagnose metabolic syndrome, which must adhere to at least three of the five following parameters; 1. Elevated waist circumference: waist circumference of ≥80, 2. Elevated Triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL, 3. Reduced HDL- Cholesterol <50 mg/dL, 4. Elevated Blood pressure; systolic ≥130 mm Hg and/or diastolic ≥85 mm Hg and 5. Elevated Fasting blood glucose ≥100 mg/dL. On the other hand, the women with just OB were identified using body mass index (BMI) as follows: normal rank was considered 18.5–24.99 kg/m2, the rank for obese class I was 30–34.99 kg/m2, obese class II 35–39.99 kg/m2, and obese class III greater than or equal to 40 kg/m2.

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 25

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 17

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): 3 months

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V3

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Ion Torrent

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).: relative abundances

Statistical test: Kruskall-Wallis

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05

MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: Yes

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: unchanged

Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness: increased

Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness: unchanged

Richness Number of species: unchanged

Signature 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Marianthi Thomatos

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Source: Text + figure 1 + Table S1 + Table S2 Table S7

Description: Gut microbiota in a sample of Mexican Women Affected by Obesity and Obesity Plus Metabolic Syndrome

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in obese

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Faecalibacterium
Roseburia
Lachnospira
Coprococcus

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Signature 2

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Marianthi Thomatos

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Source: Text + figure 1 + Table S1 + Table S2 Table S7

Description: Gut microbiota in a sample of Mexican Women Affected by Obesity and Obesity Plus Metabolic Syndrome

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in obese

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Bacteroides
Erysipelotrichaceae

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Experiment 2

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: obese + metabolic syndrome

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 25

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).: Not specified