Gut microbiome composition in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos is shaped by geographic relocation, environmental factors, and obesity

Study information

Needs review

study design

cross-sectional observational, not case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

31672155

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1186/s13059-019-1831-z

URI Uniform resource identifier for web resources.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31672155/

Authors

Kaplan RC, Wang Z, Usyk M, Sotres-Alvarez D, Daviglus ML, Schneiderman N, Talavera GA, Gellman MD, Thyagarajan B, Moon JY, Vázquez-Baeza Y, McDonald D, Williams-Nguyen JS, Wu MC, North KE, Shaffer J, Sollecito CC, Qi Q, Isasi CR, Wang T, Knight R, Burk RD

Journal

Genome biology

Year

2019

BACKGROUND: Hispanics living in the USA may have unrecognized potential birthplace and lifestyle influences on the gut microbiome. We report a cross-sectional analysis of 1674 participants from four centers of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), aged 18 to 74 years old at recruitment. RESULTS: Amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA gene V4 and fungal ITS1 fragments from self-collected stool samples indicate that the host microbiome is determined by sociodemographic and migration-related variables. Those who relocate from Latin America to the USA at an early age have reductions in Prevotella to Bacteroides ratios that persist across the life course. Shannon index of alpha diversity in fungi and bacteria is low in those who relocate to the USA in early life. In contrast, those who relocate to the USA during adulthood, over 45 years old, have high bacterial and fungal diversity and high Prevotella to Bacteroides ratios, compared to USA-born and childhood arrivals. Low bacterial diversity is associated in turn with obesity. Contrasting with prior studies, our study of the Latino population shows increasing Prevotella to Bacteroides ratio with greater obesity. Taxa within Acidaminococcus, Megasphaera, Ruminococcaceae, Coriobacteriaceae, Clostridiales, Christensenellaceae, YS2 (Cyanobacteria), and Victivallaceae are significantly associated with both obesity and earlier exposure to the USA, while Oscillospira and Anaerotruncus show paradoxical associations with both obesity and late-life introduction to the USA. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis of the gut microbiome of Latinos demonstrates unique features that might be responsible for health disparities affecting Hispanics living in the USA.

Experiment 1

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Curated date: 2023/03/17

Curator: Ombati

Revision editor(s): Ombati

Subjects

Location of subjects: United States of America

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable): Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: obesity Adiposis,Adiposity,Obese,Obese (finding),obesity,Obesity (disorder),Obesity [Ambiguous],obesity disease,obesity disorder,Obesity NOS,Obesity, unspecified,Overweight and obesity

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: Later age
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: Early age
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: Individuals who had relocated to the USA at a younger age( 18 and below)
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 1674
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 1674

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Statistical test: Linear Regression

Confounders controlled for Confounding factors that have been accounted for by stratification or model adjustment: age

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: decreased

Signature 1

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Curated date: 2023/03/17

Curator: Ombati

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Source: Figures 1,2,3,4,5 &6

Description: Comparison of gut microbiota between those who arrive early in the USA and those who relocate later in life to the USA. Prevotella to Bacteroides ratios are decreased in people who move from South America to the USA while they are young. Those who immigrate to the USA early in life have low Shannon indexes of alpha diversity in fungus and bacteria. In contrast, those over 45 who immigrate to the USA during maturity have higher bacterial and fungal diversity as well as higher Prevotella to Bacteroides ratios than immigrants who were born in the country or arrived as children. Obesity is connected to low bacterial diversity.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Early age

NCBI	Links
Coriobacteriaceae
Megasphaera
Victivallaceae

Revision editor(s): Ombati