Gut microbiome composition in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos is shaped by geographic relocation, environmental factors, and obesity

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Needs review
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI Uniform resource identifier for web resources.
Authors
Kaplan RC, Wang Z, Usyk M, Sotres-Alvarez D, Daviglus ML, Schneiderman N, Talavera GA, Gellman MD, Thyagarajan B, Moon JY, Vázquez-Baeza Y, McDonald D, Williams-Nguyen JS, Wu MC, North KE, Shaffer J, Sollecito CC, Qi Q, Isasi CR, Wang T, Knight R, Burk RD
Journal
Genome biology
Year
2019
BACKGROUND: Hispanics living in the USA may have unrecognized potential birthplace and lifestyle influences on the gut microbiome. We report a cross-sectional analysis of 1674 participants from four centers of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), aged 18 to 74 years old at recruitment. RESULTS: Amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA gene V4 and fungal ITS1 fragments from self-collected stool samples indicate that the host microbiome is determined by sociodemographic and migration-related variables. Those who relocate from Latin America to the USA at an early age have reductions in Prevotella to Bacteroides ratios that persist across the life course. Shannon index of alpha diversity in fungi and bacteria is low in those who relocate to the USA in early life. In contrast, those who relocate to the USA during adulthood, over 45 years old, have high bacterial and fungal diversity and high Prevotella to Bacteroides ratios, compared to USA-born and childhood arrivals. Low bacterial diversity is associated in turn with obesity. Contrasting with prior studies, our study of the Latino population shows increasing Prevotella to Bacteroides ratio with greater obesity. Taxa within Acidaminococcus, Megasphaera, Ruminococcaceae, Coriobacteriaceae, Clostridiales, Christensenellaceae, YS2 (Cyanobacteria), and Victivallaceae are significantly associated with both obesity and earlier exposure to the USA, while Oscillospira and Anaerotruncus show paradoxical associations with both obesity and late-life introduction to the USA. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis of the gut microbiome of Latinos demonstrates unique features that might be responsible for health disparities affecting Hispanics living in the USA.

Experiment 1


Needs review

Curated date: 2023/03/17

Curator: Ombati

Revision editor(s): Ombati

Subjects

Location of subjects
United States of America
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable)
Homo sapiens
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
obesity Adiposis,Adiposity,Obese,Obese (finding),obesity,Obesity (disorder),Obesity [Ambiguous],obesity disease,obesity disorder,Obesity NOS,Obesity, unspecified,Overweight and obesity
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
Later age
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
Early age
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Individuals who had relocated to the USA at a younger age( 18 and below)
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
1674
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
1674

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
16S
16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
V4
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Statistical test
Linear Regression


Confounders controlled for Confounding factors that have been accounted for by stratification or model adjustment
age

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
decreased

Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2023/03/17

Curator: Ombati

Revision editor(s): Ombati

Source: Figures 1,2,3,4,5 &6

Description: Comparison of gut microbiota between those who arrive early in the USA and those who relocate later in life to the USA. Prevotella to Bacteroides ratios are decreased in people who move from South America to the USA while they are young. Those who immigrate to the USA early in life have low Shannon indexes of alpha diversity in fungus and bacteria. In contrast, those over 45 who immigrate to the USA during maturity have higher bacterial and fungal diversity as well as higher Prevotella to Bacteroides ratios than immigrants who were born in the country or arrived as children. Obesity is connected to low bacterial diversity.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Early age

NCBI Links
Coriobacteriaceae
Megasphaera
Victivallaceae

Revision editor(s): Ombati