Changes of saliva microbiota in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients under chemoradiation therapy

Study information

Needs review

study design

case-control
time series / longitudinal observational

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

24370189

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.10.011

URI

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003996913003282?via%3Dihub

Authors

Xu Y, Teng F, Huang S, Lin Z, Yuan X, Zeng X, Yang F

Journal

Archives of oral biology

Year

2014

Keywords:

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Oral microbiota, Pyrosequencing, Radiation therapy, Saliva

OBJECTIVE: A growing body of evidence has implicated human oral microbiota in the aetiology of oral and systemic diseases. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), an epithelial-originated malignancy, has a complex aetiology not yet fully understood. Chemoradiation therapy of NPC can affect oral microbiota and is usually accompanied by plaque accumulation. Thus, the study aimed to understand the diversity, divergence and development of the oral microbiota in NPC patients and their associated treatment, which might provide useful insights into disease aetiology and treatment side effects. DESIGN: A longitudinal study was designed that included three Chinese adults with NPC. Saliva samples were collected at three time points: prior to the chemoradiation treatment (carcinoma baseline, or CB), 7 months post-treatment (carcinoma-after-therapy phase 1 or CA1) and 12 months post-treatment (carcinoma-after-therapy phase 2 or CA2). Pyrosequencing of the bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) V1-V3 hypervariable region was employed to characterise the microbiota. Saliva samples of three healthy subjects from our former study were employed as healthy controls. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA), Metastats and random forest prediction models were used to reveal the key microbial members associated with NPC and its treatment programme. RESULTS: (1) In total, 412 bacterial species from at least 107 genera and 13 phyla were found in the saliva samples of the NPC patients. (2) PCoA revealed that not only were the microbiota from NPC patients distinct from those of healthy controls (p<0.001) but also that separation was found on the saliva microbiota between pre- and post-therapy (p<0.001) in the NPC samples. (3) At the genus level and the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) level, Streptococcus was found with lower abundance in NPC samples. (4) Chemoradiation therapy did not incur similar changes in microbiota structure among the three NPC patients; the microbiota in one of them stayed largely steady, while those in the other two showed significant alteration. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study employing culture-independent techniques to interrogate the phylogenetic diversity, divergence and temporal development of oral microbiota in NPC patients. Our results indicated that certain bacterial taxa might be associated with NPC and that oral microbiota of NPC patients might respond to the chemoradiation therapy in a host-specific manner. Further investigation with larger sample size should help to validate the links between oral microbiota and NPC.

Experiment 1

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Curated date: 2023/08/30

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Subjects

Location of subjects: China

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable): Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Epithelium of nasopharynx Epithelial tissue of nasal part of pharynx,Epithelial tissue of nasopharynx,Epithelial tissue of rhinopharynx,Epithelium of nasal part of pharynx,Epithelium of rhinopharynx,Nasal part of pharynx epithelial tissue,Nasal part of pharynx epithelium,Nasopharyngeal epithelium,Nasopharynx epithelial tissue,Nasopharynx epithelium,Rhinopharynx epithelial tissue,Rhinopharynx epithelium,Epithelium of nasopharynx

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: nasopharyngeal neoplasm nasopharyngeal neoplasm,nasopharyngeal neoplasms,nasopharyngeal tumor,nasopharynx neoplasm,nasopharynx neoplasm (disease),nasopharynx tumor,neoplasm of nasopharynx,neoplasm of the nasopharynx,tumor of nasopharynx,tumor of the nasopharynx

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: Healthy controls at Baseline
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients at baseline
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: Patients who have not received treatment yet
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 3
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 3
Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): 30 days

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V1-V3

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Roche454

Statistical Analysis

Statistical test: Metastats

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: Yes

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness: unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness: unchanged

Signature 1

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Source: Table 3

Description: Genus level comparison of the organismal composition of the saliva microbiota between Cancer patients and control groups at baseline via Metastas analysis.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients at baseline

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Neisseria
Leptotrichia
Pseudomonas
Pseudomonadota

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Signature 2

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Source: Table 3

Description: Genus level comparison of the organismal composition of the saliva microbiota between Cancer patients and control groups at baseline via Metastas analysis.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients at baseline

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Streptococcus
Bacillota

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Experiment 2

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Curated date: 2023/08/30

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Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients at baseline
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients after treatment
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: Patients who have received treatment after 7 or 12 months

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness: unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness: unchanged