Effects of surgical and dietary weight loss therapy for obesity on gut microbiota composition and nutrient absorption

Study information

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09

study design

time series / longitudinal observational

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

25710027

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1155/2015/806248

URI

Authors

Damms-Machado A, Mitra S, Schollenberger AE, Kramer KM, Meile T, Königsrainer A, Huson DH, Bischoff SC

Journal

BioMed research international

Year

2015

Evidence suggests a correlation between the gut microbiota composition and weight loss caused by caloric restriction. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), a surgical intervention for obesity, is classified as predominantly restrictive procedure. In this study we investigated functional weight loss mechanisms with regard to gut microbial changes and energy harvest induced by LSG and a very low calorie diet in ten obese subjects (n = 5 per group) demonstrating identical weight loss during a follow-up period of six months. For gut microbiome analysis next generation sequencing was performed and faeces were analyzed for targeted metabolomics. The energy-reabsorbing potential of the gut microbiota decreased following LSG, indicated by the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, but increased during diet. Changes in butyrate-producing bacterial species were responsible for the Firmicutes changes in both groups. No alteration of faecal butyrate was observed, but the microbial capacity for butyrate fermentation decreased following LSG and increased following dietetic intervention. LSG resulted in enhanced faecal excretion of nonesterified fatty acids and bile acids. LSG, but not dietetic restriction, improved the obesity-associated gut microbiota composition towards a lean microbiome phenotype. Moreover, LSG increased malabsorption due to loss in energy-rich faecal substrates and impairment of bile acid circulation. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01344525.

Experiment 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks, ChiomaBlessing

Subjects

Location of subjects: Germany

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: Obesity Adiposis,Adiposity,Obese,Obese (finding),obesity,Obesity (disorder),Obesity [Ambiguous],obesity disease,obesity disorder,Obesity NOS,Obesity, unspecified,Overweight and obesity,Obesity

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy after 3 months and 6 Months combined

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy baseline

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 3

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 3

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): 3 months

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: WMS

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: Not specified

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Roche454

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).: relative abundances

Statistical test: Mann-Whitney (Wilcoxon)

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05

MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: No

Signature 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Marianthi Thomatos

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Source: Table S1A

Description: Effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and very low calorie diet (VLCD) for obesity on gut microbiota composition

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy baseline

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Clostridia
Eubacteriales
Oscillospiraceae
Coprococcus
Dorea
Ruminococcus
Bacteroides sp. 3_1_40A
Clostridium sp. L2-50
Blautia obeum CAG:39
Dorea longicatena

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Experiment 2

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Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

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Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: very low calorie diet after 3 months and 6 months

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: Very low calorie diet baseline

Statistical Analysis

Signature 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Fatima on 2021/08/9

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Marianthi Thomatos

Revision editor(s): Fatima, WikiWorks

Source: Table S1B

Description: Effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and very low calorie diet (VLCD) for obesity on gut microbiota composition

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Very low calorie diet baseline

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Bacilli
Blautia hydrogenotrophica
Clostridium sp. D5
Clostridium sp. M62/1
Coprobacillus
Enterococcaceae
Enterococcus
Enterococcus faecium
Eubacterium limosum
Fusobacteriota
Fusobacteriaceae
Fusobacteriales
Holdemania
Lacrimispora saccharolytica
Lactobacillales
Lactobacillus
Oribacterium
Oscillospiraceae
Peptostreptococcaceae
Ruminococcus
[Clostridium] symbiosum
Coprobacillus cateniformis

Revision editor(s): Fatima, WikiWorks