Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery of morbidly obese patients induces swift and persistent changes of the individual gut microbiota
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Study information
-
Quality control
- Retracted paper
- Contamination issues suspected
- Batch effect issues suspected
- Uncontrolled confounding suspected
- Results are suspect (various reasons)
- Tags applied
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI
Authors
Palleja A, Kashani A, Allin KH, Nielsen T, Zhang C, Li Y, Brach T, Liang S, Feng Q, Jørgensen NB, Bojsen-Møller KN, Dirksen C, Burgdorf KS, Holst JJ, Madsbad S, Wang J, Pedersen O, Hansen T, Arumugam M
Journal
Genome medicine
Year
2016
BACKGROUND: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is an effective means to achieve sustained weight loss for morbidly obese individuals. Besides rapid weight reduction, patients achieve major improvements of insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been associated with obesity and some of its co-morbidities, like type 2 diabetes, and major changes of gut microbial communities have been hypothesized to mediate part of the beneficial metabolic effects observed after RYGB. Here we describe changes in gut microbial taxonomic composition and functional potential following RYGB. METHODS: We recruited 13 morbidly obese patients who underwent RYGB, carefully phenotyped them, and had their gut microbiomes quantified before (n = 13) and 3 months (n = 12) and 12 months (n = 8) after RYGB. Following shotgun metagenomic sequencing of the fecal microbial DNA purified from stools, we characterized the gut microbial composition at species and gene levels followed by functional annotation. RESULTS: In parallel with the weight loss and metabolic improvements, gut microbial diversity increased within the first 3 months after RYGB and remained high 1 year later. RYGB led to altered relative abundances of 31 species (P < 0.05, q < 0.15) within the first 3 months, including those of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Veillonella spp., Streptococcus spp., Alistipes spp., and Akkermansia muciniphila. Sixteen of these species maintained their altered relative abundances during the following 9 months. Interestingly, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii was the only species that decreased in relative abundance. Fifty-three microbial functional modules increased their relative abundance between baseline and 3 months (P < 0.05, q < 0.17). These functional changes included increased potential (i) to assimilate multiple energy sources using transporters and phosphotransferase systems, (ii) to use aerobic respiration, (iii) to shift from protein degradation to putrefaction, and (iv) to use amino acids and fatty acids as energy sources. CONCLUSIONS: Within 3 months after morbidly obese individuals had undergone RYGB, their gut microbiota featured an increased diversity, an altered composition, an increased potential for oxygen tolerance, and an increased potential for microbial utilization of macro- and micro-nutrients. These changes were maintained for the first year post-RYGB. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current controlled trials (ID NCT00810823 , NCT01579981 , and NCT01993511 ).
Experiment 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Subjects
- Location of subjects
- Denmark
- Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
- Homo sapiens
- Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
- Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Obesity Adiposis,Adiposity,Obese,Obese (finding),obesity,Obesity (disorder),Obesity [Ambiguous],obesity disease,obesity disorder,Obesity NOS,Obesity, unspecified,Overweight and obesity,Obesity
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- baseline
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- 3 Months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 13
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 12
Lab analysis
- Sequencing type
- WMS
- 16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
- Not specified
- Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
- Illumina
Statistical Analysis
- Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
- relative abundances
- Statistical test
- Mann-Whitney (Wilcoxon)
- Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
- 0.05
- MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
- Yes
Alpha Diversity
- Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
- unchanged
- Richness Number of species
- increased
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: Figure 3 & Table S3
Description: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery and changes of gut microbiota in morbidly obese
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in 3 Months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Signature 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: Figure 3 & Table S3
Description: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery and changes of gut microbiota in morbidly obese
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in 3 Months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Faecalibacterium prausnitzii |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Experiment 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- one year after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 8
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Alpha Diversity
- Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
- unchanged
- Richness Number of species
- increased
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: Figure 3 & Table S3
Description: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery and changes of gut microbiota in morbidly obese
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in one year after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
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