Differences in gut microbiota between allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and skin urticaria: A pilot study

Study information

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Peace Sandy on 2024-2-15

study design

cross-sectional observational, not case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

33655988

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1097/MD.0000000000025091

URI

Authors

Su YJ, Luo SD, Hsu CY, Kuo HC

Journal

Medicine

Year

2021

INTRODUCTION: Several forms of allergy have been clinically presented, including, among others, atopic dermatitis (eczema), urticaria (hives), and allergic rhinitis (rhinitis). As their detailed pathogenesis continues to be researched, we aimed in the current study to compare gut microbiota differences between eczema, hives, and rhinitis patients. METHODS: We enrolled 19 eczemas, nine hives, and 11 allergic rhinitis patients in this study. Fecal samples were examined using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid amplicon sequencing, followed by bioinformatics and statistical analyses. We compared microbiota in dermatitis (eczema), chronic urticaria (hives), and allergic rhinitis (rhinitis). RESULTS: All clinical data were similar between the subgroups. The microbiota results indicated that Bacteroidales species were found in skin allergies, both urticaria and eczema, when compared to rhinitis. The microbiota differs substantially between those patients with atopic dermatitis (eczema), chronic urticaria (hives), and allergic rhinitis (rhinitis), thus indicating that the gut-skin and gut-nose axes exist. Gut flora colonies differ significantly between skin allergy and nose allergy. Bacteroidales species could be a clinical link between gut flora and skin allergy; of those, Bacteroids Plebeius DSM 17135 is significantly associated with the urticaria (hives) subgroup.Conclusion. Our results demonstrated high intra-group homogeneous and high inter-group heterogeneous microbiota. The clinical symptoms of eczema, hives, and rhinitis can all be linked to specific microbiota in the current study. In this pilot study, the Ruminococcaceae and Bacteroidales species are associated with allergic disease, in line with several previous published articles, and the abundance of Firmicutes Phylum is representative of intestinal dysbiosis. In the future, a larger cohort and thorough biochemical studies are needed for confirmation.

Experiment 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Peace Sandy on 2024-2-15

Curated date: 2024/02/15

Curator: Peace Sandy

Revision editor(s): Peace Sandy

Subjects

Location of subjects

Taiwan

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.

Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology

Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology

Eczema , Urticaria Eczema,eczema,hives,urticaria,urticaria (disease),Urticarias,Urticaria

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies

Chronic urticaria (hives)

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies

Atopic dermatitis (eczema)

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group

Patients with atopic dermatitis (eczema)

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group

9

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group

19

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)

Those with a history of antibiotics

Lab analysis

Sequencing type

16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene

V3-V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance

Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).

relative abundances

Statistical test

LEfSe

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)

0.05

MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?

No

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness

increased

Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness

unchanged

Richness Number of species

unchanged

Signature 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Peace Sandy on 2024-2-15

Curated date: 2024/02/15

Curator: Peace Sandy

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Source: Figure 5

Description: Phylum Firmicutes, class Clostridia, order Clostridiales, families Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, genera Eubacterium and atopobium were 10,000 times higher than in the allergic rhinitis (rhinitis) subgroup. Species Bacteroids Plebeius DSM 17135 and genus Prevotella were 10,000 times higher than in the urticaria (hives) subgroup. Order Bacteroidales, class Bacteroidia, phylum Bacteroidetes, and genus Romboutsia were 10,000 times higher than in the atopic dermatitis (eczema) subgroup.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Atopic dermatitis (eczema)

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Bacteroidales
Romboutsia
Sutterella
Bacteroidia

Revision editor(s): Peace Sandy

Signature 2

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Peace Sandy on 2024-2-15

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Curator: Peace Sandy

Revision editor(s): Peace Sandy

Source: Fig 5

Description: Phylum Firmicutes, class Clostridia, order Clostridiales, families Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, genera Eubacterium and atopobium were 10,000 times higher than in the allergic rhinitis (rhinitis) subgroup. Species Bacteroids Plebeius DSM 17135 and genus Prevotella were 10,000 times higher than in the urticaria (hives) subgroup. Order Bacteroidales, class Bacteroidia, phylum Bacteroidetes, and genus Romboutsia were 10,000 times higher than in the atopic dermatitis (eczema) subgroup.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Atopic dermatitis (eczema)

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Phocaeicola plebeius
Prevotella

Revision editor(s): Peace Sandy

Experiment 2

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Peace Sandy on 2024-2-15

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Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology

Eczema , Allergic rhinitis Eczema,eczema,allergic form of rhinitis,allergic rhinitis,Alrh,atopic rhinitis,non-seasonal allergic rhinitis,Perenial allergic rhinitis,perennial allergic rhinitis,pollenosis,seasonal allergic rhinitis,Allergic rhinitis

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies

Allergic rhinitis

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness

increased

Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness

unchanged

Richness Number of species

unchanged

Signature 1

EditHistoryDelete

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Peace Sandy on 2024-2-15

Curated date: 2024/02/15

Curator: Peace Sandy

Revision editor(s): Peace Sandy

Source: Fig 5

Description: Phylum Firmicutes, class Clostridia, order Clostridiales, families Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, genera Eubacterium and atopobium were 10,000 times higher than in the allergic rhinitis (rhinitis) subgroup. Species Bacteroids Plebeius DSM 17135 and genus Prevotella were 10,000 times higher than in the urticaria (hives) subgroup. Order Bacteroidales, class Bacteroidia, phylum Bacteroidetes, and genus Romboutsia were 10,000 times higher than in the atopic dermatitis (eczema) subgroup.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Atopic dermatitis (eczema)

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Bacteroidales
Bacteroidia
Romboutsia
Sutterella

Revision editor(s): Peace Sandy

Signature 2

EditHistoryDelete

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Peace Sandy on 2024-2-15

Curated date: 2024/02/15

Curator: Peace Sandy

Revision editor(s): Peace Sandy

Source: Figure 5

Description: Phylum Firmicutes, class Clostridia, order Clostridiales, families Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, genera Eubacterium and atopobium were 10,000 times higher than in the allergic rhinitis (rhinitis) subgroup. Species Bacteroids Plebeius DSM 17135 and genus Prevotella were 10,000 times higher than in the urticaria (hives) subgroup. Order Bacteroidales, class Bacteroidia, phylum Bacteroidetes, and genus Romboutsia were 10,000 times higher than in the atopic dermatitis (eczema) subgroup.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Atopic dermatitis (eczema)

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Atopobium
Bacillota
Clostridia
Eubacteriales
Eubacterium coprostanoligenes
Lachnospiraceae

Revision editor(s): Peace Sandy