Association between Gut Microbiota and Breast Cancer: Diet as a Potential Modulating Factor

Study information

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Folakunmi on 2024-1-10

study design

case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

37960281

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.3390/nu15214628

URI

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10649662/

Authors

Altinok Dindar D, Chun B, Palma A, Cheney J, Krieger M, Kasschau K, Stagaman K, Mitri ZI, Goodyear SM, Shannon J, Karstens L, Sharpton T, Zhang Z

Journal

Nutrients

Year

2023

Keywords:

Acidaminococus, Hungatella, Tyzzerella, breast cancer, gut microbiome

Breast cancer (BCa) has many well-known risk factors, including age, genetics, lifestyle, and diet; however, the influence of the gut microbiome on BCa remains an emerging area of investigation. This study explores the connection between the gut microbiome, dietary habits, and BCa risk. We enrolled newly diagnosed BCa patients and age-matched cancer-free controls in a case-control study. Comprehensive patient data was collected, including dietary habits assessed through the National Cancer Institute Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ). 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was used to analyze gut microbiome composition and assess alpha and beta diversity. Microbiome analysis revealed differences in the gut microbiome composition between cases and controls, with reduced microbial diversity in BCa patients. The abundance of three specific microbial genera-Acidaminococus, Tyzzerella, and Hungatella-was enriched in the fecal samples taken from BCa patients. These genera were associated with distinct dietary patterns, revealing significant associations between the presence of these genera in the microbiome and specific HEI2015 components, such as vegetables and dairy for Hungatella, and whole fruits for Acidaminococus. Demographic characteristics were well-balanced between groups, with a significantly higher body mass index and lower physical activity observed in cases, underscoring the role of weight management in BCa risk. Associations between significant microbial genera identified from BCa cases and dietary intakes were identified, which highlights the potential of the gut microbiome as a source of biomarkers for BCa risk assessment. This study calls attention to the complex interplay between the gut microbiome, lifestyle factors including diet, and BCa risk.

Experiment 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Folakunmi on 2024-1-10

Curated date: 2023/11/30

Curator: Andre

Revision editor(s): Andre

Subjects

Location of subjects: United States of America

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: Breast cancer breast cancer,breast tumor,cancer of breast,malignant breast neoplasm,malignant breast tumor,malignant neoplasm of breast,malignant neoplasm of the breast,malignant tumor of breast,malignant tumor of the breast,mammary cancer,mammary neoplasm,mammary tumor,primary breast cancer,Breast cancer

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: Healthy controls

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: Breast cancer patients

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: Biopsy-confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer prior to initiating any treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy.

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 44

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 42

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): Not mentioned

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).: relative abundances

Statistical test: LEfSe

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05

MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: No

LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool: 2

Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study: age

Confounders controlled for Confounding factors that have been accounted for by stratification or model adjustment: body mass index

Alpha Diversity

Pielou Quantifies how equal the community is numerically: decreased

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: decreased

Inverse Simpson Modification of Simpsons index D as 1/D to obtain high values in datasets of high diversity and vice versa: decreased

Signature 1

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Source: Figure 2

Description: Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis of fecal microbiome at genus level of the participants in the control and BCa group samples

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Breast cancer patients

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Acidaminococcus
Hungatella
Tyzzerella

Revision editor(s): Andre

Signature 2

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Folakunmi on 2024-1-10

Curated date: 2023/11/30

Curator: Andre

Revision editor(s): Andre, Folakunmi

Source: Figure 2

Description: Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis of fecal microbiome at genus level of the participants in the control and BCa group samples

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Breast cancer patients

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Anaerofilum
Candidatus Galligastranaerophilus
Christensenellaceae
Coriobacteriales
Dialister
Flavobacteriales
Romboutsia
Ruminococcaceae bacterium UCG-005
Lachnospiraceae bacterium NK4A144
Oscillospiraceae
rumen bacterium NK4A214

Revision editor(s): Andre, Folakunmi