Differences in gut microbiome composition between persons with chronic schizophrenia and healthy comparison subjects

Study information

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Atrayees on 2023-6-29

study design

cross-sectional observational, not case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

30268819

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1016/j.schres.2018.09.014

URI

Authors

Nguyen TT, Kosciolek T, Maldonado Y, Daly RE, Martin AS, McDonald D, Knight R, Jeste DV

Journal

Schizophrenia research

Year

2019

Keywords:

Bacteria, Gut-brain axis, Microbes, Phylum, Probiotics, Psychosis

Intestinal microbiome and gut-brain axis have been receiving increasing attention for their role in the regulation of brain/behavior and possible biological basis of psychiatric disorders. Several recent clinical studies have linked the microbiome with neuropsychiatric conditions, although the literature on schizophrenia is quite limited. This study investigated gut microbiome composition in 50 individuals, including 25 persons with chronic schizophrenia and 25 demographically-matched non-psychiatric comparison subjects (NCs). Stool samples were collected and assayed using 16S rRNA sequencing of the V4 region. Examination of unweighted UniFrac and Bray-Curtis dissimilarity revealed significant community-level separation in microbiome composition between the two subject groups. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria were found to be relatively decreased in schizophrenia subjects compared to NCs. At the genus level, Anaerococcus was relatively increased in schizophrenia while Haemophilus, Sutterella, and Clostridium were decreased. Within individuals with schizophrenia, abundance of Ruminococcaceae was correlated with lower severity of negative symptoms; Bacteroides was associated with worse depressive symptoms; and Coprococcus was related to greater risk for developing coronary heart disease. Our findings provide evidence of altered gut microbial composition in persons with chronic schizophrenia and suggest a need for larger and longitudinal studies of microbiome in schizophrenia.

Experiment 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Atrayees on 2023-6-29

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks, Atrayees

Subjects

Location of subjects: United States of America

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable): Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: schizophrenia [X]Schizophrenia, unspecified,[X]Schizophrenia, unspecified (disorder),Dementia Praecox,Disorder, Schizophrenic,Disorders, Schizophrenic,Other specified types of schizophrenia,Other specified types of schizophrenia, chronic state,Other specified types of schizophrenia, chronic state with acute exacerbation,Other specified types of schizophrenia, in remission,Other specified types of schizophrenia, subchronic state,Other specified types of schizophrenia, subchronic state with acute exacerbation,Other specified types of schizophrenia, unspecified state,SCHIZO NEC-CHR/EXACERB,SCHIZO NEC-SUBCHR/EXACER,SCHIZO NOS-CHR/EXACERB,SCHIZO NOS-SUBCHR/EXACER,schizoaffective disorder,schizophrenia,schizophrenia (disease),Schizophrenia (disorder),SCHIZOPHRENIA NEC-CHR,SCHIZOPHRENIA NEC-REMISS,SCHIZOPHRENIA NEC-SUBCHR,SCHIZOPHRENIA NEC-UNSPEC,Schizophrenia NOS,Schizophrenia NOS (disorder),SCHIZOPHRENIA NOS-UNSPEC,schizophrenia with or without an affective disorder,Schizophrenia, NOS,schizophrenia-1,Schizophrenias,SCHIZOPHRENIC DIS,Schizophrenic Disorder,Schizophrenic Disorders,Schizophrenic disorders (disorder),SCZD,Unspecified schizophrenia,Unspecified schizophrenia (disorder),Unspecified schizophrenia, chronic state with acute exacerbation,Unspecified schizophrenia, subchronic state with acute exacerbation,Unspecified schizophrenia, unspecified state

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: non-psychiatric controls
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: schizophrenia
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: outpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 25
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 25

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Statistical test: Kruskall-Wallis

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.01
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: Yes
Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study: demographics
Confounders controlled for Confounding factors that have been accounted for by stratification or model adjustment: age, antimicrobial agent, body mass index, race, sex

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: unchanged
Faith Phylogenetic diversity, takes into account phylogenetic distance of all taxa identified in a sample: unchanged