Oral microbiome and preterm birth

Study information

Needs review

study design

case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

37608830

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.3389/fmed.2023.1177990

URI

Authors

Vidmar Šimic M, Maver A, Zimani AN, Hočevar K, Peterlin B, Kovanda A, Premru-Sršen T

Journal

Frontiers in medicine

Year

2023

Keywords:

16S rDNA, 16S rRNA gene, microbiome, oral microbiome, pregnancy, preterm delivery

BACKGROUND: The etiology of preterm birth (PTB) is heterogeneous and not yet well known. Maternal periodontal disease has been investigated for decades and is a known risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, no particular bacterial species or higher taxonomic order has been found as causative of PTB, leading to studies of the whole oral microbiome. In order to determine if and how the composition of the oral microbiome is associated with PTB, we performed a large case-control study including women with term (TB) and PTB. METHODS: We compared oral microbiomes in PTB to TB, to examine differences in the microbial richness, diversity, and differential abundance of specific taxa. We obtained oral swab samples from 152 Caucasian pregnant women who were classified as either PTB (≤36 6/7 weeks, n = 61) or TB (≥38 0/7 weeks, n = 91) in exclusion of any other major medical or obstetric conditions. The oral microbiomes of these women were characterized by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing of the V3-V4 region on the MiSeq platform. RESULTS: The dominant microorganisms at the phylum level in all pregnant women regardless of birth week outcomes as belonging to Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria, and Actinobacteria. The phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were relatively more abundant in women with a PTB than in women with a TB, while Proteobacteria was less prevalent in women with a PTB. At the genus level, Veillonella, Prevotella, and Capnocytophaga were enriched in the PTB, and while many of the members of these genera could not be resolved to the species level, Veillonella massillensis was shown to be increased in the PTB group. CONCLUSION: We identified the genera Veillonella, Prevotella, and Capnocytophaga in the maternal oral microbiome as being associated with PTB independently of clinically apparent infection, uterine anomalies, and other pregnancy complications, including placenta previa, and placental abruption. The clarification of the role of those taxa in the etiology of PTB merits further research.

Experiment 1

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Curated date: 2024/04/06

Curator: Ayibatari

Revision editor(s): Ayibatari

Subjects

Location of subjects: Slovenia

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Oral cavity Bucca,Buccal cavity,Cavity of mouth,Oral cavity,oral cavity

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: Premature birth Birth, Premature,Birth, Preterm,Births, Premature,Births, Preterm,Premature Births,Preterm Birth,Preterm Births,Premature birth,premature birth

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: term birth (TB)

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: preterm birth (PTB)

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: The study group was defined as spontaneous onset of premature delivery with or without PPROM before or at 36 6/7 weeks of gestation (PTB group),

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 91

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 61

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): Week before inclusion

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V3-V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).: relative abundances

Statistical test: DESeq2

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05

MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: Yes

Alpha Diversity

Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness: unchanged

Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness: unchanged

Signature 1

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Curated date: 2024/04/06

Curator: Ayibatari

Revision editor(s): Ayibatari

Source: Supplementary Table_1.

Description: Oral microbiome and preterm birth. The differential relative abundance analysis identified 48 ASV (Supplementary Table 1).

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in preterm birth (PTB)

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Actinomyces
Actinomycetaceae
Alloprevotella
Campylobacter gracilis
Capnocytophaga
Catonella
Corynebacterium
Gemella
Gemella sanguinis
Haemophilus
Haemophilus haemolyticus
Haemophilus influenzae
Haemophilus sputorum
Lachnoanaerobaculum
Lachnoanaerobaculum saburreum
Leptotrichia
Leptotrichia trevisanii
Leptotrichia wadei
Neisseria meningitidis
Neisseria oralis
Porphyromonas
Rothia dentocariosa
Rothia mucilaginosa
Streptococcus
Streptococcus australis
Streptococcus cristatus
Streptococcus mitis
Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae
Veillonella
Prevotella_7Prevotella_7
Veillonella massiliensis
Rothia
Neisseria cinerea

Revision editor(s): Ayibatari