Short chain fatty acids and gut microbiota differ between patients with Parkinson's disease and age-matched controls

Study information

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Peace Sandy on 2024-3-21

study design

case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

27591074

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.08.019

URI

Authors

Unger MM, Spiegel J, Dillmann KU, Grundmann D, Philippeit H, Bürmann J, Faßbender K, Schwiertz A, Schäfer KH

Journal

Parkinsonism & related disorders

Year

2016

Keywords:

Butyrate, Enteric nervous system, Gut microbiota, Parkinson's disease, Short chain fatty acids

BACKGROUND: Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) frequently have gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g. constipation) and exhibit the PD-typical pathohistology in the enteric nervous system (ENS). Both, clinical symptoms and pathohistological changes in the ENS occur at early stages and can precede the motor manifestations of PD. Two recent studies reported an association between changes in gut microbiota composition and PD. We hypothesized that alterations in gut microbiota might be accompanied by altered concentrations of short chain fatty acids (SCFA), one main metabolic product of gut bacteria. METHODS: We quantitatively analyzed SCFA concentrations (using gas chromatography) and microbiota composition (using quantitative PCR) in fecal samples of 34 PD patients and 34 age-matched controls. RESULTS: Fecal SCFA concentrations were significantly reduced in PD patients compared to controls. The bacterial phylum Bacteroidetes and the bacterial family Prevotellaceae were reduced, Enterobacteriaceae were more abundant in fecal samples from PD patients compared to matched controls. CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirms the recently reported association between PD and the abundance of certain gut microbiota and shows a reduction in fecal SCFA concentrations (one main metabolic product of certain gut bacteria). The reduction in SCFA might, theoretically, induce alterations in the ENS and contribute to gastrointestinal dysmotility in PD. Prospective longitudinal studies in subjects at risk for PD are required to further elucidate the causal role of gut microbiota and microbial products in the development of PD and PD-associated dysmotility.

Experiment 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Peace Sandy on 2024-3-21

Curated date: 2024/03/10

Curator: EniolaAde

Revision editor(s): EniolaAde, Peace Sandy

Subjects

Location of subjects: Germany

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: Parkinson's disease IDIOPATHIC PARKINSON DIS,Idiopathic Parkinson Disease,Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease,IDIOPATHIC PARKINSONS DIS,Idiopathic PD,LEWY BODY PARKINSON DIS,Lewy Body Parkinson Disease,Lewy Body Parkinson's Disease,Paralysis agitans,paralysis agitans,PARKINSON DIS,PARKINSON DIS IDIOPATHIC,Parkinson disease,Parkinson Disease, Idiopathic,Parkinson syndrome,Parkinson's,Parkinson's disease,Parkinson's disease (disorder),Parkinson's disease NOS,Parkinson's disease NOS (disorder),Parkinson's Disease, Idiopathic,Parkinson's Disease, Lewy Body,Parkinson's syndrome,Parkinsonian disorder,Parkinsonism, Primary,Parkinsons,PARKINSONS DIS,PARKINSONS DIS IDIOPATHIC,PARKINSONS DIS LEWY BODY,Parkinsons disease,Primary Parkinsonism,parkinson's disease

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: Healthy control (control matched- CM)

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: Parkinson's disease group

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: Patients with Parkinson's disease

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 34

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 34

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): Three months

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: PCR

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: Not specified

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: RT-qPCR

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).: relative abundances

Statistical test: Kruskall-Wallis

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.01

MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: Yes

Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study: age

Signature 1

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Source: Figure 1

Description: significant taxa observed in the fecal microbiota of patients with Parkinson's disease compared with healthy control matched group (CM)

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Parkinson's disease group

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Bifidobacterium sp.
Enterobacteriaceae

Revision editor(s): EniolaAde, Peace Sandy

Signature 2

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Peace Sandy on 2024-3-21

Curated date: 2024/03/10

Curator: EniolaAde

Revision editor(s): EniolaAde, Peace Sandy, ChiomaBlessing

Source: Figure 1

Description: significant taxa observed in the fecal microbiota of patients with Parkinson's disease compared with healthy control matched group (CM)

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Parkinson's disease group

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Bacteroidia
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii
Enterococcus
Lactococcus

Revision editor(s): EniolaAde, Peace Sandy, ChiomaBlessing

Experiment 2

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Curated date: 2024/03/10

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Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: Healthy control group (control young-CY)

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 10

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Signature 1

Edit History Delete

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Peace Sandy on 2024-3-21

Curated date: 2024/03/10

Curator: EniolaAde

Revision editor(s): EniolaAde, Peace Sandy

Source: Figure 1

Description: significant taxa observed in the fecal microbiota of patients with Parkinson's disease compared with healthy control young group (CY)

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Parkinson's disease group

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Bacteroidia

Revision editor(s): EniolaAde, Peace Sandy