Association between Parkinson's disease and the faecal eukaryotic microbiota

Study information

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-8-1

study design

case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

34795317

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1038/s41531-021-00244-0

URI

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8602383/

Authors

Weis S, Meisner A, Schwiertz A, Unger MM, Becker A, Faßbender K, Schnell S, Schäfer KH, Egert M

Journal

NPJ Parkinson's disease

Year

2021

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disease, and is so far not considered curable. PD patients suffer from several motor and non-motor symptoms, including gastrointestinal dysfunctions and alterations of the enteric nervous system. Constipation and additional intestinal affections can precede the classical motor symptoms by several years. Recently, we reported effects of PD and related medications on the faecal bacterial community of 34 German PD patients and 25 age-matched controls. Here, we used the same collective and analysed the V6 and V7 hypervariable region of PCR-amplified, eukaryotic 18S rRNA genes using an Illumina MiSeq platform. In all, 53% (18) of the PD samples and 72% (18) of the control samples yielded sufficient amplicons for downstream community analyses. The PD samples showed a significantly lower alpha and a different beta eukaryotic diversity than the controls. Most strikingly, we observed a significantly higher relative abundance of sequence affiliated with the Geotrichum genus in the PD samples (39.7%), when compared to the control samples (0.05%). In addition, we observed lower relative abundances of sequences affiliated with Aspergillus/Penicillium, Charophyta/Linum, unidentified Opisthokonta and three genera of minor abundant zooflagellates in the PD samples. Our data add knowledge to the small body of data about the eukaryotic microbiota of PD patients and suggest a potential association of certain gut eukaryotes and PD.

Experiment 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-8-1

Curated date: 2024/03/29

Curator: Samreen-19

Revision editor(s): Samreen-19, Fiddyhamma, Scholastica

Subjects

Location of subjects: Germany

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: Parkinson's disease IDIOPATHIC PARKINSON DIS,Idiopathic Parkinson Disease,Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease,IDIOPATHIC PARKINSONS DIS,Idiopathic PD,LEWY BODY PARKINSON DIS,Lewy Body Parkinson Disease,Lewy Body Parkinson's Disease,Paralysis agitans,paralysis agitans,PARKINSON DIS,PARKINSON DIS IDIOPATHIC,Parkinson disease,Parkinson Disease, Idiopathic,Parkinson syndrome,Parkinson's,Parkinson's disease,Parkinson's disease (disorder),Parkinson's disease NOS,Parkinson's disease NOS (disorder),Parkinson's Disease, Idiopathic,Parkinson's Disease, Lewy Body,Parkinson's syndrome,Parkinsonian disorder,Parkinsonism, Primary,Parkinsons,PARKINSONS DIS,PARKINSONS DIS IDIOPATHIC,PARKINSONS DIS LEWY BODY,Parkinsons disease,Primary Parkinsonism,parkinson's disease

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: Healthy controls (HC)

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: Parkinson's disease patients (PD)

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: Patients suffering from Parkinson's disease

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 25

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 34

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): 3 months.

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 18S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: Not specified

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).: centered log-ratio

Statistical test: ANCOM

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05

MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: Yes

Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study: age

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: decreased

Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness: decreased

Richness Number of species: decreased

Signature 1

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Source: Table 1

Description: Taxa differing significantly between PD samples and controls.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Parkinson's disease patients (PD)

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Geotrichum candidum

Revision editor(s): Samreen-19

Signature 2

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Curated date: 2024/03/29

Curator: Samreen-19

Revision editor(s): Samreen-19

Source: Table 1

Description: Taxa differing significantly between PD samples and controls.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Parkinson's disease patients (PD)

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Cercozoa sp. B134
Linum usitatissimum
Paracercomonas sp.
Penicillium roqueforti
Poterioochromonas malhamensis

Revision editor(s): Samreen-19