Altered Gut Microbiota in Chinese Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Study information

Needs review

study design

case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

30895172

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.3389/fcimb.2019.00040

URI

Authors

Ma B, Liang J, Dai M, Wang J, Luo J, Zhang Z, Jing J

Journal

Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

Year

2019

Keywords:

16S rRNA, Chinese children, autism spectrum disorder, case control, gut microbiota

The link between gut microbes and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has been already observed in some studies, but some bacterial families/species were found to be inconsistently up or down regulated. This issue has been rarely explored in the Chinese population. In this study, we assessed whether or not gut microbiota dysbiosis was associated with children with ASD in China. We enrolled 45 children with ASD (6-9 years of age; 39 boys and 6 girls) and 45 sex- and age-matched neurotypical children. Dietary and other socio-demographic information was obtained via questionnaires. We characterized the composition of the fecal microbiota using bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene sequencing. The ASD group showed less diversity and richness of gut microbiota than the neurotypical group, as estimated by the abundance-based coverage estimator index and the phylogenetic diversity index. The analysis of beta diversity showed an altered microbial community structure in the ASD group. After adjustment for confounders and multiple testing corrections, no significant group difference was found in the relative abundance of microbiota on the level of the phylum. At the family level, children with ASD had a lower relative abundance of Acidaminococcaceae than the healthy controls. Moreover, a decrease in the relative abundance of genera Lachnoclostridium, Tyzzerella subgroup 4, Flavonifractor, and unidentified Lachnospiraceae was observed in ASD group. This study provides further evidence of intestinal microbial dysbiosis in ASD and sheds light on the characteristics of the gut microbiome of autistic children in China.

Experiment 1

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Subjects

Location of subjects: China

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: Autism spectrum disorder atypical autism,autism spectrum disease,autism spectrum disorder,Autism Spectrum Disorders,autistic spectrum disorder,CHILD DEVELOPMENT DIS PERVASIVE,Child Development Disorders, Pervasive,Development Disorder, Pervasive,Development Disorders, Pervasive,Disorder, Autism Spectrum,Disorder, Pervasive Development,Disorders, Autism Spectrum,Disorders, Pervasive Development,PDD,PERVASIVE CHILD DEVELOPMENT DIS,Pervasive Child Development Disorders,Pervasive Development Disorder,Pervasive Development Disorders,pervasive developmental disorder - not otherwise specified,pervasive developmental disorders,Spectrum Disorder, Autism,Spectrum Disorders, Autism,Autism spectrum disorder

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: Neurotypical children

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: Diagnosed with ASD according to DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - 5th Edition)

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 45

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 45

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): 3 months

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V3-V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).: relative abundances

Statistical test: T-Test

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05

Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study: sex, age

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: unchanged

Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness: unchanged

Signature 1

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Source: Tables 2-3, S5-7

Description: Species, classes, order, family and genera presenting significant differences between NT and ASD groups

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Pasteurellaceae
Alloprevotella
Haemophilus
Prevotella subgroup 2Prevotella subgroup 2
Lachnospiraceae UCG-004Lachnospiraceae UCG-004
Ruminococcaceae UCG-010Ruminococcaceae UCG-010
lachnospiraceae FCS020 grouplachnospiraceae FCS020 group
Pasteurellales
Phocaeicola plebeius
Phocaeicola vulgatus
Haemophilus parainfluenzae
Enterocloster clostridioformis

Revision editor(s): AlishaM, WikiWorks

Signature 2

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Source: Tables 2-3, S5-7

Description: Species, classes, order, family and genera presenting significant differences between NT and ASD groups

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Veillonellaceae
Enterobacteriaceae
Acidaminococcaceae
Desulfovibrionaceae
Lactobacillaceae
Megamonas
Lachnoclostridium
Escherichia/Shigella sp.
Ruminiclostridium subgroup 6Ruminiclostridium subgroup 6
Tyzzerella subgroup 4Tyzzerella subgroup 4
Phascolarctobacterium
Thomasclavelia
unclassified Oscillospiraceae
Eggerthella
Coprococcus subgroup 3Coprococcus subgroup 3
Odoribacter
Lactobacillus
Flavonifractor
unclassified Lachnospiraceae
Bilophila