Microbiome analysis reveals gut microbiota alteration of early-weaned Yimeng black goats with the effect of milk replacer and age

From BugSigDB
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI
Authors
Li A, Yang Y, Qin S, Lv S, Jin T, Li K, Han Z, Li Y
Journal
Microbial cell factories
Year
2021
Keywords:
Age, Gut microbiota, Milk replacer, Weaned, Yimeng black goats
BACKGROUND: Colonization of intestinal microbiota in ruminant during the early life is important to host health, metabolism and immunity. Accumulating evidence revealed the ameliorative effect of milk replacer administration in the gut microbial development of early-weaned ruminants. Yimeng black goats (YBGs) inhabiting Shandong, China show a complex intestinal microbial ecosystem, but studies of their gut microbiota are still insufficient to report. Here, this study was performed to investigate how the gut microbiota develops in weaned YBGs with the effect of age and milk replacer. RESULTS: Results indicated that both age and milk replacer were important factors to change the gut microbiota of YBGs. Although the alpha diversity of gut microbiota did not change with the age of YBGs, the taxonomic compositions significantly changed. The relative abundance of some beneficial bacteria such as Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Ruminiclostridium, Eubacterium and Barnesiella significantly decreased and subsequently increase with age, which contributes to maintain the stability of intestinal environment and realize the diversity of intestinal functions. The relative abundance of Porphyromonas, Brevundimonas, Flavobacterium, Stenotrophomonas, Propionibacterium, Acinetobacter, Enterococcus and Clostridium belong to pathogenic bacteria in milk replacer-treated YBGs was significantly decreased. Additionally, some beneficial bacteria such as Ruminococcus, Ruminococcaceae, Christensenellaceae and Ruminiclostridium also display a trend of decreasing first followed by gradually increasing. CONCLUSIONS: This study first revealed the gut bacterial community alterations in YBGs with the effect of age and milk replacer. This study also characterized the gut microbial distribution in YBGs with different ages and provided better insight into microbial population structure and diversity of YBGs. Moreover, milk replacer may serve as a good applicant for improving gut microbial development in early-weaned YBGs.

Experiment 1


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/15

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Subjects

Location of subjects
China
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
Capra hircus
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Jejunum Intestinum jejunum,Mid-intestine,Middle intestine,Jejunum,jejunum
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Age Age,age
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
B-Group (B15.2)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
B-Group (B25.2)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group consists of young black goats in the control group (B-Group) whose intestines (Jejunum) were obtained on the 25th day of the experiment.
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
3
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
3

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
16S
16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
V3-V4
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
relative abundances
Statistical test
LEfSe
Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
No
LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool
2

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
unchanged

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/21

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria, Ifeanyisam

Source: Figure 6a

Description: The cladogram obtained from LEfSe analysis shows the different taxa in microbiota of YBGs with different ages.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in B-Group (B25.2)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Acidimicrobiales
Acidimicrobiia
Anaerolineaceae
Anaerolineae
Anaerolineales
Burkholderiaceae
Caulobacteraceae
Caulobacterales
Chitinophagaceae
Cytophagaceae
Cytophagales
Gaiellales
Gemmatimonadaceae
Gemmatimonadales
Hyphomicrobiaceae
Hyphomicrobiales
Methylophilaceae
Myxococcales
Nitrobacteraceae
Nitrosomonadaceae
Nitrosomonadales
Nitrospira
Nitrospirales
Phyllobacteriaceae
Pseudomonadaceae
Rhizobiaceae
Rhodospirillaceae
Rhodospirillales
Sphingobacteriaceae
Thermoleophilia
unidentified Gemmatimonadiaunidentified Gemmatimonadia

Revision editor(s): Victoria, Ifeanyisam

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/22

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Source: Figure 6a

Description: The cladogram obtained from LEfSe analysis shows the different taxa in microbiota of YBGs with different ages.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in B-Group (B25.2)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Prevotellaceae
p_2534_18B5_gut_groupp_2534_18B5_gut_group
Bacteroidales_B511_gut_groupBacteroidales_B511_gut_group
unclassified Bacteroidales
Bacteroidales
Bacteroidia
Family XIIFamily XII
Lachnospiraceae
Veillonellaceae
Selenomonadales
Negativicutes

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Experiment 2


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/17

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
B-Group (B15.2))
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
B-Group (B45.2)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group consists of young black goats in the control group (B-Group) whose intestines (Jejunum) were obtained on the 45th day of the experiment.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
unchanged

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/22

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Source: Figure 6b

Description: The cladogram obtained from LEfSe analysis shows the different taxa in microbiota of YBGs with different ages.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in B-Group (B45.2)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Gaiellales
Thermoleophilia
Cyanobacteriota
uncultured Cyanobacteriotauncultured Cyanobacteriota

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/22

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Source: Figure 6b

Description: The cladogram obtained from LEfSe analysis shows the different taxa in microbiota of YBGs with different ages.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in B-Group (B45.2)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bacilli
Deltaproteobacteria
Halomonadaceae
Lactobacillaceae
Lactobacillales
Oceanospirillales
Shewanellaceae
Spirochaetaceae
Spirochaetales
Veillonellaceae
Bacteroidales_S24_7_groupBacteroidales_S24_7_group
p_2534_18B5_gut_groupp_2534_18B5_gut_group
unidentified Bacteroidalesunidentified Bacteroidales
unidentified spirochaete

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Experiment 3


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/17

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
B-Group (B15.2)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
B-Group (B75.2)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group consists of young black goats in the control group (B-Group) whose intestines (Jejunum) were obtained on the 75th day of the experiment.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
unchanged

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/24

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Source: Figure 6c

Description: The cladogram obtained from LEfSe analysis shows the different taxa in microbiota of YBGs with different ages.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in B-Group (B75.2)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Acidaminococcaceae
Lentisphaerae RFP12 gut groupLentisphaerae RFP12 gut group
Sphingomonadaceae
Succinivibrionaceae
Aeromonadales
Enterobacteriaceae
Enterobacterales
Mollicutes

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/24

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Source: Figure 6c

Description: The cladogram obtained from LEfSe analysis shows the different taxa in microbiota of YBGs with different ages.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in B-Group (B75.2)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Family XIIFamily XII
Caryophanaceae

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Experiment 4


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/17

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Caecum Blind intestine,Blindgut,Caeca,Caecum,Ceca,Cecum,Intestinum caecum,Intestinum crassum caecum,Intestinum crassum cecum,caecum
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
B-Group (B15.4)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
B-Group (B25.4)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group consists of young black goats in the control group (B-Group) whose intestines (Cecum) were obtained on the 25th day of the experiment.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
unchanged

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/24

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Source: Figure 6d

Description: The cladogram obtained from LEfSe analysis shows the different taxa in microbiota of YBGs with different ages.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in B-Group (B25.4)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Lentisphaeria
Spirochaetaceae
Spirochaetales
Victivallaceae
Bacteroidales_UCG_001Bacteroidales_UCG_001
Clostridiaceae_1Clostridiaceae_1
Victivallales
unidentified Spirochaetesunidentified Spirochaetes

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/24

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Source: Figure 6d

Description: The cladogram obtained from LEfSe analysis shows the different taxa in microbiota of YBGs with different ages.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in B-Group (B25.4)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Oscillospiraceae

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Experiment 5


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/17

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
B-Group (B45.4)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group consists of young black goats in the control group (B-Group) whose intestines (Cecum) were obtained on the 45th day of the experiment.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
unchanged

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/27

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Source: Figure 6e

Description: The cladogram obtained from LEfSe analysis shows the different taxa in microbiota of YBGs with different ages.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in B-Group (B45.4)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bacteroidales_RF16_groupBacteroidales_RF16_group
p_2534_1885_gut_groupp_2534_1885_gut_group
Lachnospiraceae
Acidaminococcaceae
Alcaligenaceae
Burkholderiales
Succinivibrionaceae
Aeromonadales
Mollicutes_RF9Mollicutes_RF9
Mollicutes

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/27

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Source: Figure 6e

Description: The cladogram obtained from LEfSe analysis shows the different taxa in microbiota of YBGs with different ages.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in B-Group (B45.4)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Anaerolineaceae
Anaerolineales
Anaerolinea
Lactobacillaceae
Streptococcaceae
Lactobacillales
Bacilli
Peptostreptococcaceae
Neisseriaceae
Neisseriales

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Experiment 6


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/17

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
B-Group (B75.4)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group consists of young black goats in the control group (B-Group) whose intestines (Cecum) were obtained on the 75th day of the experiment.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
unchanged

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/27

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Source: Figure 6f

Description: The cladogram obtained from LEfSe analysis shows the different taxa in microbiota of YBGs with different ages.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in B-Group (B75.4)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Acidaminococcaceae
Aeromonadales
Chlamydiaceae
Chlamydiales
Coriobacteriaceae
Coriobacteriales
Coriobacteriia
Halomonadaceae
Lachnospiraceae
Oceanospirillales
Spirochaetaceae
Spirochaetales
Succinivibrionaceae
Bacteroidales_RF16_groupBacteroidales_RF16_group
unidentified Spirochaetesunidentified Spirochaetes
unidentified Chlamydiaeunidentified Chlamydiae

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/27

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Source: Figure 6f

Description: The cladogram obtained from LEfSe analysis shows the different taxa in microbiota of YBGs with different ages.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in B-Group (B75.4)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Neisseriaceae
Neisseriales
Pasteurellaceae
Pasteurellales

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Experiment 7


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/17

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Jejunum Intestinum jejunum,Mid-intestine,Middle intestine,Jejunum,jejunum
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Diet Dietary,Diets,Diet,diet
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
B-Group (B15.2)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
R-Group (R15.2)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group consists of young black goats in the milk replacer group (R Group) whose intestines (Jejunum) were obtained on the 15th day of the experiment. This group was provided with milk replacer after weaning on the 10th day of the experiment.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
unchanged

Experiment 8


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/17

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
B-Group (B25.2)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
R-Group (R25.2)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group consists of young black goats in the milk replacer group (R Group) whose intestines (Jejunum) were obtained on the 25th day of the experiment. This group was provided with milk replacer after weaning on the 10th day of the experiment.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
unchanged

Experiment 9


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/21

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
B-Group (B45.2)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
R-Group (R45.2)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group consists of young black goats in the milk replacer group (R Group) whose intestines (Jejunum) were obtained on the 45th day of the experiment. This group was provided with milk replacer after weaning on the 10th day of the experiment.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
unchanged

Experiment 10


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/21

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
B-Group (B75.2)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
R-Group (R75.2)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group consists of young black goats in the milk replacer group (R Group) whose intestines (Jejunum) were obtained on the 75th day of the experiment. This group was provided with milk replacer after weaning on the 10th day of the experiment.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
unchanged

Experiment 11


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/21

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Caecum Blind intestine,Blindgut,Caeca,Caecum,Ceca,Cecum,Intestinum caecum,Intestinum crassum caecum,Intestinum crassum cecum,caecum
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
B-Group (B15.4)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
R-Group (R15.4)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group consists of young black goats in the milk replacer group (R Group) whose intestines (Cecum) were obtained on the 15th day of the experiment. This group was provided with milk replacer after weaning on the 10th day of the experiment.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
unchanged

Experiment 12


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/21

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
B-Group (B25.4)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
R-Group (R25.4)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group consists of young black goats in the milk replacer group (R Group) whose intestines (Cecum) were obtained on the 25th day of the experiment. This group was provided with milk replacer after weaning on the 10th day of the experiment.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
unchanged

Experiment 13


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/21

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
B-Group (B45.4)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
R-Group (R45.4)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group consists of young black goats in the milk replacer group (R Group) whose intestines (Cecum) were obtained on the 45th day of the experiment. This group was provided with milk replacer after weaning on the 10th day of the experiment.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
unchanged

Experiment 14


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Svetlana up on 2024-12-17

Curated date: 2024/05/21

Curator: Victoria

Revision editor(s): Victoria

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
B-Group (B75.4)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
R-Group (R75.4)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
This group consists of young black goats in the milk replacer group (R Group) whose intestines (Cecum) were obtained on the 75th day of the experiment. This group was provided with milk replacer after weaning on the 10th day of the experiment.

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
unchanged
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
unchanged