The combination of sport and sport-specific diet is associated with characteristics of gut microbiota: an observational study
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Study information
-
Quality control
- Retracted paper
- Contamination issues suspected
- Batch effect issues suspected
- Uncontrolled confounding suspected
- Results are suspect (various reasons)
- Tags applied
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI
Authors
Jang LG, Choi G, Kim SW, Kim BY, Lee S, Park H
Journal
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
Year
2019
Keywords:
Body builder, Dietary fiber, Distance runner, Gut microbiota
BACKGROUND: Recently, gut microbiota have been studied extensively for health promotion, disease prevention, disease treatment, and exercise performance. It is recommended that athletes avoid dietary fiber and resistant starch to promote gastric emptying and reduce gastrointestinal distress during exercise, but this diet may reduce microbial diversity and compromise the health of the athlete's gut microbiota. OBJECTIVE: This study compared fecal microbiota characteristics using high-throughput sequencing among healthy sedentary men (as controls), bodybuilders, and distance runners, as well as the relationships between microbiota characteristics, body composition, and nutritional status. METHODS: Body composition was measured using DXA, and physical activity level was assessed using IPAQ. Dietary intake was analyzed with the computerized nutritional evaluation program. The DNA of fecal samples was extracted and it was sequenced for the analysis of gut microbial diversity through bioinformatics cloud platform. RESULTS: We showed that exercise type was associated with athlete diet patterns (bodybuilders: high protein, high fat, low carbohydrate, and low dietary fiber diet; distance runners: low carbohydrate and low dietary fiber diet). However, athlete type did not differ in regard to gut microbiota alpha and beta diversity. Athlete type was significantly associated with the relative abundance of gut microbiota at the genus and species level: Faecalibacterium, Sutterella, Clostridium, Haemophilus, and Eisenbergiella were the highest (p < 0.05) in bodybuilders, while Bifidobacterium and Parasutterella were the lowest (p < 0.05). At the species level, intestinal beneficial bacteria widely used as probiotics (Bifidobacterium adolescentis group, Bifidobacterium longum group, Lactobacillus sakei group) and those producing short chain fatty acids (Blautia wexlerae, Eubacterium hallii) were the lowest in bodybuilders and the highest in controls. In addition, aerobic or resistance exercise training with an unbalanced intake of macronutrients and low intake of dietary fiber led to similar diversity of gut microbiota. Specifically, daily protein intake was negatively correlated with operation taxonomic unit (r = - 0.53, p < 0.05), ACE (r = - 0.51, p < 0.05), and Shannon index (r = - 0.64, p < 0.01) in distance runners.. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that high-protein diets may have a negative impact on gut microbiota diversity for athletes, while athletes in resistance sports that carry out the high protein low carbohydrates diet demonstrate a decrease in short chain fatty acid-producing commensal bacteria.
Experiment 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Subjects
- Location of subjects
- South Korea
- Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable)
- Homo sapiens
- Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
- Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- diet Dietary,Diets,diet
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- distance runners (high carb)
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- body builders (high protein)
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 15
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 15
- Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)
- 6 months
Lab analysis
- Sequencing type
- 16S
- 16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
- V3-V4
- Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
- Illumina
Statistical Analysis
- Statistical test
- Kruskall-Wallis
- Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
- 0.05
- MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
- Yes
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: Table 3 and Text
Description: The combination of sport and sport-specific diet is associated with characteristics of gut microbiota: an observational study
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in body builders (high protein)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Blautia wexlerae | ||
| Enterobacter cloacae |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Signature 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: Table 3 and Text
Description: The combination of sport and sport-specific diet is associated with characteristics of gut microbiota: an observational study
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in body builders (high protein)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Bifidobacterium adolescentis | ||
| Ruminococcus callidus | ||
| Bacteroides caccae | ||
| Escherichia coli | ||
| Bifidobacterium | ||
| Escherichia | ||
| Lactococcus |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Experiment 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- control
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: Table 3 and Text
Description: The combination of sport and sport-specific diet is associated with characteristics of gut microbiota: an observational study
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in body builders (high protein)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Sutterella | ||
| Faecalibacterium | ||
| Clostridium | ||
| Haemophilus | ||
| Eisenbergiella |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Signature 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: Table 3 and Text
Description: The combination of sport and sport-specific diet is associated with characteristics of gut microbiota: an observational study
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in body builders (high protein)
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Experiment 3
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- distance runners (high carb)
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: Table 3 and Text
Description: The combination of sport and sport-specific diet is associated with characteristics of gut microbiota: an observational study
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in distance runners (high carb)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Sutterella |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
Signature 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Shaimaa Elsafoury on 2021/02/09
Source: Table 3 and Text
Description: The combination of sport and sport-specific diet is associated with characteristics of gut microbiota: an observational study
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in distance runners (high carb)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Enterobacter cloacae | ||
| Weissella confusa | ||
| [Clostridium] innocuum | ||
| Bacteroides caccae | ||
| Anaerobutyricum hallii | ||
| Blautia wexlerae | ||
| Blautia | ||
| Enterobacter | ||
| Weissella | ||
| Leuconostoc |
Revision editor(s): WikiWorks
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